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Tag:bicycle road=yes: Difference between revisions
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added extensive research for legislation+signs+names+sources and how they map to OSM tags in different countries, moved specifics about German situation there; added info on editor support (JOSM, StreetComplete); added section that explains why we have two tags at all and research done on how the tag(s) are actually used and should be interpreted by data consumers
m (→Tagging: fix grammar) |
Westnordost (talk | contribs) (added extensive research for legislation+signs+names+sources and how they map to OSM tags in different countries, moved specifics about German situation there; added info on editor support (JOSM, StreetComplete); added section that explains why we have two tags at all and research done on how the tag(s) are actually used and should be interpreted by data consumers) |
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{{KeyDescription
| key = bicycle_road
| image = File:Zeichen 244.svg
| description = A bicycle road is a road designated for bicycles.
| group = cycleways
| onNode = no
| onWay = yes
| onArea = no
| onRelation = no
| status = In use
}}The concept of '''a street designated primarily for cyclists''' is referred to in English usually as a '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_boulevard bicycle boulevard]''', '''bicycle road''', '''cycle street''' and some other names.
Whether this concept exists at all in legislation or what exactly this dedication encompasses differs somewhat in any one country. In some countries the legislation goes so far to forbid motor vehicle traffic unless signed otherwise outright (Germany, Estonia, ...), yet on the other end of the spectrum, it comes down to merely a request to car drivers to consider themselves as "guests" (Netherlands, Switzerland, ...). Most legislation have in common that at least cyclists are allowed to use the entire lane width, i.e. do not need to stay at the right edge of the roadway to allow motor vehicles to pass.
More details in the table below.
== Tagging ==
A '''signed bicycle road''' is tagged with {{Tag|bicycle_road|yes}}.
It is recommended to add the access restriction tags explicitly for the sake of clarification and to guarantee correct routing instructions for other vehicle classes. This is especially important if there is an extra sign below the sign which modifies which vehicles may use this road with which restrictions.
=== Type of highway ===
For considering the tag {{Tag|highway}} legal status of bicycle road is not important. The value is rather determined by the state of development of the road and its importance in the traffic system:
*
*
Alternatively, {{Tag|highway|service}} or {{Tag|highway|unclassified}} can be used.
== Signs and legislation around the world ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Country
!Sign / Name
!Implied restrictions unless signed otherwise<ref>The legislation of pretty much all countries in which bicycle boulevards exists prohibit "impeding or endangering cycle traffic", which is really kind of a given but expressed as {{Tag|bicycle|designated}} in the below table.</ref>
!Maximum legal speed<ref name=":0">The legislation of pretty much all countries in which bicycle boulevards exist as a concept mention something like "the maximum speed is as fast as the bicycle traffic is, but not more than..."</ref>
|-
|{{Flags|Austria|text=|link=}}<ref>[https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/eli/bgbl/1960/159/P67/NOR40245685 Straßenverkehrsordnung 1960, §67] (2022-10-01) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Hinweiszeichen 26.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Fahrradstraße
|
* {{Tag|vehicle|destination}}
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* Street-cleaning, garbage collection, public transportation, police, firefighters, ambulance, etc. vehicles are explicitly allowed
*Access to other vehicles can be granted via extra signs below this sign (''"Zusatztafeln"'')
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Belgium|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.wegcode.be/nl/regelgeving/1976101105~hra8v386pu#0qxtbauqtv Koninklijk besluit van 1 december 1975 houdende algemeen reglement op de politie van het wegverkeer en van het gebruik van de openbare weg, Titel II. Regels voor het gebruik van de openbare weg, Artikel 22novies. Verkeer in fietsstraten] (2022-11-22) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Belgian road sign F111 nl.svg|frameless|128x128px]] [[File:Belgian road sign F111 fr.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Fietstraat / Rue cyclable
|
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* {{Tag|mofa||designated}}
* {{Tag|overtaking:motor_vehicle||no}}
* Cyclists may use the entire lane width
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Canada|link=|text=}}
{{Flags|Quebec|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.quebec.ca/transports/circulation-securite-routiere/regles-conseils-mode-transport/velo/velorue Règles pour circuler sur une vélorue] (retrieved 2022-11-24)</ref>
|Vélorue
|
* Cyclists may use the entire lane width
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Czech Republic|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2000-361#f2084556 Zákon č. 361/2000 Sb., HLAVA II. PROVOZ NA POZEMNÍCH KOMUNIKACÍCH, Díl 3. Pravidla provozu na pozemních komunikacích, Oddíl 2. Jízda vozidly ve zvláštních případech, Provoz v obytné, pěší a cyklistické zóně], § 39a (2022-08-01) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:CZ-IZ 9a Zóna pro cyklisty (2016).jpg|frameless|87x87px]] [[File:CZ-IZ 9a Zóna pro cyklisty (povolen vjezd jiných vozidel) (2016).jpg|frameless|128x128px]]
Cyklozóna
|
* {{Tag|vehicle||no}} (or {{Tag|vehicle||yes}} with the other sign)
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* Cyclists may use the entire lane width
* No parking outside of marked spaces
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Denmark|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/2021/2511#P27 Bekendtgørelse om vejafmærkning, Kapitel 2. Færdselstavler, E. Oplysningstavler og områdetavler, § 27.], E47 (2021-12-09) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Denmark road sign E47.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Cykelgade
|
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* {{Tag|mofa||designated}}<ref>''"to- eller trehjulet køretøj med en forbrændingsmotor med et slagvolumen på ikke over 50 cm3 eller med elmotor og med en konstruktivt bestemt maksimal hastighed på højst 45 km i timen. Knallerter inddeles i stor knallert med en konstruktivt bestemt maksimal hastighed på over 30 km i timen og lille knallert med en konstruktivt bestemt maksimal hastighed på højst 30 km i timen."''
- [https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/2017/38#idc8d9d31f-dad1-43a0-b246-e0fd4bc0eeb1 Bekendtgørelse af færdselsloven, Kapitel 1. Lovens område] m.v., Definitioner m.v. 7. Knallert (2017-05-01) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
* No parking outside of marked spaces
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Estonia|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/103032011006 Liiklusmärkide ja teemärgiste tähendused ning nõuded fooridele, Mõjualamärgid], § 11. Mõjualamärgid ja nende tähendused, Märk 385. Jalgrattasõidu ala (2017-07-23) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Estonia road sign 385.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Jalgrattasõidu ala
|
*{{Tag|access||no}}
*{{Tag|foot||yes}}
*{{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* {{Tag|mofa||designated}}
*{{Tag|moped||designated}}
*{{Tag|small_electric_vehicle||designated}}
| -
|-
|{{Flags|Finland|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/2018/20180729#L3P45 Tieliikennelaki, 3 luku. Liikennesäännöt, 45 §. Liikennemerkillä osoitetulla pyöräkadulla ajaminen, pysäyttäminen ja pysäköinti] (2018-08-10) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Finland road sign E28.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Pyöräkatu
|
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* No parking outside of marked spaces (except for the disabled)
| -<ref name=":0" />
|-
|{{Flags|France|link=|text=}}<ref>There are a number of pilot projects with ''Vélorue''s but it did not lead to any change in legislation yet. Hence, the signage used and restrictions are all not official yet.
See [https://www.cc37.org/la-velorue-nouvel-amenagement-cyclable/ article about a cycle street in Strasbourg] (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|Vélorue
| - (no legal status)
| -
|-
|{{Flags|Germany|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/stvo_2013/BJNR036710013.html Straßenverkehrs-Ordnung (StVO)], Anlage 2 (zu § 41 Absatz 1). Vorschriftzeichen, Abschnitt 5. Sonderwege, 23 (2013-06-03) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Zeichen 244.1 - Beginn einer Fahrradstraße, StVO 2013.svg|frameless|128x128px]][[File:Zeichen 244.3 - Beginn einer Fahrradzone, StVO 2020.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Fahrradstraße / Fahrradzone
|
* {{Tag|vehicle||no}}
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* {{Tag|small_electric_vehicle||designated}}
* Cyclists may use entire lane width
*Access to other vehicles can be granted via extra signs below this sign (''"Zusatzzeichen"''), see [[DE:Verkehrszeichen in Deutschland#Zusatzzeichen mit Ausnahmen („frei“) DEː1020 bis DE:1031]] or the [http://osmtools.de/traffic_signs/ Verkehrszeichen Tool]
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Luxembourg|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/code/route/20221023 CODE DE LA ROUTE], CIRCULATION SUR TOUTES LES VOIES PUBLIQUES, V SIGNAUX D’INDICATION, 17bis Rue cyclable (2022-10-23) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref><ref>The Luxembourg law on ''Rue cyclable'' was watered down in a revision in December 2020. The initial law only allowed access to ''Rue cyclable'' for bicycles.
Motor vehicles of residents, delivery vehicles and vehicles carrying a special distinctive sign issued for them were also allowed, but could be restricted to certain times.
[https://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/code/route/20181028 Compare the original legislation from 2018] with the current one.</ref>
|[[File:Luxembourg road sign diagram E,18a (2018).svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Rue cyclable
|
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
*{{Tag|overtaking:motor_vehicle||no}}
* No parking outside of marked spaces
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Netherlands|link=|text=}}<ref>Even though it is in use and a consistent sign is used, the sign itself has no legal status.
The concept is that car drivers should behave like they are "guests" on this kind of road. [https://verkeersregels.vvn.nl/situatie/fietsstraat-0 See this article.] (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:Fietsstraat auto te gast sign, Haren (2020) 01.jpg|frameless|227x227px]]
Fietsstraat
| - (no legal status)
| -
|-
|{{Flags|Russia|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://pdd17.ru/pdd/dopolnitelnye-trebovaniya-k-dvizheniyu-velosipedistov-i-voditelej-mopedov/ Правила дорожного движения 2021 РФ., 24. Дополнительные требования к движению велосипедистов и водителей мопедов], 24.11 В велосипедной зоне</ref>
|[[File:5.33.1 Russian road sign.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Велосипедная зона
|
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* Cyclists may use entire lane width
| -
|-
|{{Flags|Spain|link=|text=}}<ref>''Ciclo calles'' do not have any legal status in Spain (yet). Hence, there is no official sign for it (yet).
It is also unclear if this is how it is going to stay or if the cycle streets that exist are pilot projects that eventually lead to a legislation.
[http://www.burgosconbici.org/soluciones-a-la-movilidad-ciclista-iii-diseno-de-ciclocalles-y-ciclocarriles/ See for example this article] (retrieved 2022-11-27)
</ref>
|Ciclo calle / Ciclo carril
| - (no legal status)
| -
|-
|{{Flags|Sweden|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.riksdagen.se/sv/dokument-lagar/dokument/svensk-forfattningssamling/trafikforordning-19981276_sfs-1998-1276#K8 Trafikförordning (1998:1276), 8 kap. Bestämmelser för trafik på gågata, cykelgata och i gångfartsområde m.m.] , 1 a § (2022) (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:SE road sign E33.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Cykelgata
|
* {{Tag|bicycle||designated}}
* {{Tag|priority_road||yes}} (Motor vehicles entering a cycle street must yield to traffic on the cycle street)
* No parking outside of marked spaces
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|Switzerland|link=|text=}}<ref>[https://www.admin.ch/gov/de/start/dokumentation/medienmitteilungen.msg-id-79193.html Bundesrat verabschiedet neue Verkehrsregeln und Signalisationsvorschriften], Weitere Änderungen per 1. Januar 2021(retrieved 2022-11-27)
Other than the mentioned status alike a priority road, the ''Velostrasse'' has no legal status in Switzerland, yet, as the pilot projects seem to still be ongoing.
See [https://www.mobilservice.ch/de/praxis/velostrassen-2463.html also this article and its associated links.] (retrieved 2022-11-27)</ref>
|[[File:CH-Hinweissignal-Velostrasse.svg|frameless|128x128px]]
Velostrasse
|
* {{Tag|priority_road||yes}}
|30 km/h
|-
|{{Flags|United States|link=|text=}}
|Bicycle boulevard /
neighborhood greenway /
...
| - (no legal status)
| -
|}
==Examples==
<gallery>
Image:Bsp_radstr_mit2.jpg| with motor vehicle, without kerb, gravel sidewalk left of the parking
Image:Fahrradstrasse IMGP8343 smial wp.jpg| Traffic sign 244.1 with additional sign
</gallery>
==Rendering and Editor support==
[[openstreetmap-carto]] and the [[OpenCycleMap]] do not render bicycle roads. [[CyclOSM]] shows them in blue.
JOSM supports {{Tag|bicycle_road|yes}} as a preset.
StreetComplete displays and allows to edit {{Tag|bicycle_road|yes}} (and {{Tag|cyclestreet|yes}}, see below) in the ''cycleway'' overlay since version 50.
== Relation to {{Tag|cyclestreet|yes}} ==
The reason why two tags for about the same concept exist is likely because this page was initially just describing the German ''Fahrradstraße'' when it was created in 2010. When Belgian mappers documented {{Tag|cyclestreet|yes}} for the Belgian ''Fietsstraat'' in 2018, they either did not find this tag in the wiki or discarded it as too specific to the German legislation:
It has been documented that {{Tag|cyclestreet|yes}} should be used in countries where other vehicles than bicycles are allowed on bicycle roads by default while {{Tag|bicycle_road|yes}} is used in countries where only bicycles are allowed by default. However, the documentation has been out of line with the actual usage of the tags.. As of December 2022, the community '''in Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg''' rather consistently uses {{Tag|cyclestreet|yes}} while {{Tag|bicycle_road|yes}} is used more overall. In most other countries, both tags are in use.
As the exact legal restrictions differ somewhat and may change in the different countries, trying to group them into two different tags is not a meaningful endeavor, as in no country, both the less restrictive and the more restrictive variants exist at the same time. Also, for example in Luxembourg, the law initially forbade general motor vehicle traffic on cycle streets. Only end of 2020, the law was watered down to be similar to the legislation in Belgium.
Hence, data consumers should treat {{Tag|cyclestreet|yes}} as synonymous to {{Tag|bicycle_road|yes}} and rather look at the actual access restrictions tagged, optionally fall back to the tags listed in the table above if nothing is set, for better accuracy.
== See also ==
* {{wikipedia|en|Bicycle boulevard}}
*[[Proposed_features/cycleroad]] - proposal from 2008, trying to establish a new value for {{key|highway}}
{{Highways}}{{RelatedTermList| {{RelatedTerm|bicycle road}} }}
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