User:John07/wegbeschaffenheit/en

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Tracktype

Used to describe the surface quality of the track, path or road.

Key Value Element Comment Rendering Photo
tracktype grade1 way Solid[1].
Usually a paved surface (called also  Sealed road), often also tagged with surface=asphalt;concrete;chipseal etc.
Mapnik-tracktype-grade1.png
Cesta od Leštiny do Lipnice nad Sázavou (2).jpg
tracktype grade2 way Mostly solid.
Usually an unpaved track with surface of gravel mixed with a varying amount of sand, silt, and clay. See Gravel road on Wikipedia.
May be applicable to heavily degraded and crumbled roads which was paved in past.
Often also tagged with surface=gravel;compacted;fine_gravel etc.
Mapnik-tracktype-grade2.png
Tracktype grade2.jpg
tracktype grade3 way Even mixture of hard and soft materials.
An unpaved track.
Mapnik-tracktype-grade3.png
Tracktype grade3.jpg
tracktype grade4 way Mostly soft.
An unpaved track prominently with soil/sand/grass, but with some hard or compacted materials mixed in.
Mapnik-tracktype-grade4.png
Grade4.jpg
tracktype grade5 way Soft.
An unimproved track lacking hard materials, uncompacted, with surface of soil/sand/grass.
Mapnik-tracktype-grade5.png
Tracktype grade5.jpg
tracktype <no value> way If no tracktype tag is present, the track is rendered with a dot-dash line style (as shown right).
Mapnik-tracktype-not-set.png
Photo not applicable

This table is a wiki template with a default description in English. Editable here.



Smoothness

Key Value Element Usable by Description Photo
smoothness excellent way area (thin_rollers) roller blade, skate board and all below As-new asphalt or concrete, smooth paving stones with seamless connections, etc. 65 Asfaltado de calles (12523687353).jpg
smoothness good way area (thin_wheels) racing bike and all below Asphalt or concrete showing the first signs of wear, such as narrow (<1.5 cm) cracks, wider cracks filled up with tar, shallow dents in which rainwater may collect, etc. that may cause trouble for rollers but not for racing bikes. The best roads paved with bricks, sett, etc. also fall in this category. Krasnoe fields 01j.JPG
smoothness intermediate way area (wheels) city bike, sport cars, wheel chair, Scooter and all below Asphalt and equivalent that shows signs of maintenance such as patches of repaired pavement, wider cracks (>2 cm), etc. that may cause trouble for racing bikes. The pavement may contain potholes, but these are small, shallow (<3cm deep) and few so they are easily avoided, or the road shows damage due to subsidence (depressions of a scale >50 cm) or heavy traffic (shallow ruts in asphalt caused by trucks in summer). The quality of the surface starts to affect the speed of most passenger cars, so they will slow down to make the ride more comfortable (but still above 50% of the speed they would drive at if the road was smooth). The best unpaved but compacted roads fall in this category. 20201129 114019 (2).jpg

Smoothness intermediate unpaved.jpg

smoothness bad way area (robust_wheels) trekking bike, normal cars, Rickshaw and all below Heavily damaged paved roads that badly need maintenance: many potholes, some of them quite deep. The average speed of cars is less than 50% of what it would be on a smooth road. However, it isn’t so rough that ground clearance becomes a problem. A ground clearance of a normal passenger car (>14 cm) is sufficient. Good unpaved roads without risk of damage to normal passenger cars are also included here. Potholes at the Level Crossing, Barrow Haven - geograph.org.uk - 1621073.jpgBad gravel 4-3.jpg
smoothness very_bad way area (high_clearance) Car with high clearance, light-duty off road vehicles Unpaved roads with potholes and ruts, but still passable with an average SUV with a ground clearance of at least 18 cm.* Smoothness very bad.jpg
smoothness horrible way area (off_road_wheels) heavy-duty off road vehicles and all below Unpaved tracks with ruts, rocks etc that need a ground clearance of at least 21 cm (Toyota Landcruiser, Landrover, Lada Niva, bukhanka, etc.). Skid plate protection is advisable. Smoothness horrible.jpg
smoothness very_horrible way area (specialized_off_road_wheels) tractor, ATV, tanks, trial, Mountain bike and all kind of off-highway vehicles (see also mtb:scale=*) Tracks with deep ruts and other obstacles that need a ground clearance of at least 24 cm. Very horrible ruts.jpg
smoothness impassable way area No wheeled vehicle Ways that used to be passable roads and can still be recognised as such in the landscape (useful for hikers), but have deteriorated so much because of fallen trees, being overgrown, severely eroded, etc. that no 4-wheeled vehicle can pass it. Consider to map narrow parts as highway=path, and the whole way as disused:=* or abandoned:*=* Goljan destoyed road.JPG

Please note: Photos are examples ONLY! The smoothness of a way should be assessed solely based on whether the way is usable by the vehicles mentioned above. A user of a certain road or path is only interested in whether the road can be driven or not. *Note that some unpaved tracks can be so steep that a car designed mostly for on-road use does not have the gear ratios and engine power needed to drive up a slope slow enough not to cause damage without the engine stalling. The track may still be smooth enough that such cars can drive down that slope without problem, so in such cases the track should be marked bad but the steep section tagged with incline=*.

This table is a wiki template with a default description in English. Editable here.


Surface

The surface tag is used in association with other tags, such as highway=* or leisure=pitch to provide additional information about the material with which the element is covered. See Landcover for a broader discussion of surfaces and landcover.

Value Comment Photo Abundance

Paved

paved A feature that is predominantly paved; i.e., it is covered with paving stones, concrete or bitumen. This value gives general description; use a more precise value if possible. Paved mosaic.png
asphalt Short for asphalt concrete - mineral aggregate bound by asphalt. Many such features are tagged as paved without specifying exact surface. Surface asphalt.jpg
chipseal Less expensive alternative to asphalt concrete, using a thin base of hot bitumen or asphalt with aggregate pushed into it. Common in many American countries and Oceania. Often hard to distinguish from asphalt concrete by laypersons, some consider it as subtype of asphalt rather separate surface. In the end many chipsealed roads are tagged as asphalt instead. Chipnseal.jpg
concrete Portland cement concrete, forming a large surface, typically cast in place and may have predetermined breaking joints. For pre-fabricated plates, please use concrete:plates or concrete:lanes if you know how the concrete is laid out and one of these tags fits. Magallanes, ruta 9, 2.jpg
concrete:lanes Long, narrow concrete elements for a two-tracked vehicle (motorcars) so that the tires always hit the concrete. There might be sand, ground, grass, pavers, asphalt, etc. in between them. Note that if you tag a single-tracked way you just use concrete, since there are no lanes. Concrete lanes.png
concrete:plates Heavy duty concrete plates placed closely together. Might have tar, sand, or grass in between the connections. Bypass road made of big concrete plates.jpg
paving_stones A relatively smooth surface paved with artificial blocks (block pavers, bricks) or natural stones (specifically, flagstones), with a flat top. The gaps between individual paving stones are very narrow, either because the stones have a perfectly regular shape (rectangular, or any surface-filling shape) or because they have been carefully selected, fitted and placed in order to form an even, closed surface. Mix of paving stones IMG 20200910 163455.jpgSquare paving stones.jpgIndian sandstone paving slabs for patio garden.jpg
sett Sett paving, formed from natural stones cut to have roughly a flat top, with a regular or irregular shape. The stones do not cover the surface completely, unlike paving_stones. They also may be not entirely flat. Pflastersteine 1.jpgGranite Setts.jpg
unhewn_cobblestone Raw cobblestone of natural, uncut, rounded stones. Unlike pebblestone, the stones are firmly connected to the ground. Ancient road surface.jpg
cobblestone cobblestone is an unclear value, and was widely used for sett and actual cobblestone. Please adopt a more precise value, like sett or unhewn_cobblestone (described above).
cobblestone:flattened Should not be used, as there is neither a commonplace or defined meaning. Likely use sett or unhewn_cobblestone instead.
bricks A surface paved with dried clay bricks. Note that some people use surface=paving_stones for them and treat them as subtype of paving stones. Reformierter Schulgang (7) in Leer (2023).jpg


metal Used for metal-surfaced bridges, or for temporary tracks over fields for normal road vehicles or site traffic (note that objects lasting for just a few days should not be mapped in OSM). Tread chrome metal.jpgMetal footbridge over Sand Quarry - geograph.org.uk - 1325566.jpg
wood Used for wood surfaced bridges, plank walkways, and garden decking. Bridge-path-straight-wooden (24029070260).jpg
stepping_stones Stones or plates individually arranged in a row, allowing to walk on, surrounded by an unpaved medium such as grass or water Stepping stones - geograph.org.uk - 832601.jpgRiver Rothay stepping stones 120508w.jpg

)

rubber Playground safety surfacing made of recycled rubber tire products such as poured rubber, rubber tiles or loose rubber mulch. These surfaces are usually made of rubber designed specifically for aesthetics, child safety, and/or ADA wheelchair accessibility. Pärnu mänguväljak.IMG 20210807 134624
user_defined All commonly used values according to Taginfo.

Unpaved

unpaved A feature that is predominantly unsealed (unpaved); i.e., it has a loose covering ranging from compacted stone chippings to earth. Unpaved roads may, in aerial imagery, show evidence of water along their course; in such circumstances, the waterway should not be tagged as a stream, though it might appear as such. This value gives only a rough description; use a more precise value if possible.
compacted A mixture of larger (e.g., gravel) and smaller (e.g., sand) parts, compacted (e.g., with a roller), so the surface is more stable than loose gravel. Used, for example, for park paths, better tracks, some service ways, … Best sort of ways below paving with asphalt, concrete, paving stones. Sometimes known as water-bound macadam. Mixture and compacting leads to more grip and stability. Compacted forest track no1.jpg
fine_gravel This tag is used somewhat inconsistently; see its detail page. It may be used to specify fine loose gravel (as shown in the picture) which makes it unsuitable for kick scooters and bicycles without fat tires (e.g. when loose fine gravel is just put on top of soil), but it is also sometimes used as an alias for compacted (e.g. multilayer pavement with a stone or gravel basis and a topmost surface of firm, granular grit, basalt or quartz, as invented by the Roman empire, which is easy to cycle on, and motorized vehicles will not move stones, nor will bicycles tires leave any imprints on it). If the gravel is fixed instead of loose, please consider using well-defined compacted instead. Fine gravel path in Voltino, Zagreb


gravel This tag has very large meaning range. Used for cases ranging from huge gravel pieces like track ballast used as surface, through small pieces of gravel to compacted surface. Štěrková cesta u Pláštíku.jpg
shells Describes the surface of a feature as covered in small (parts of) seashells; commonly seen on footways and cycleways in the Netherlands.
rock Big pieces of rock used to improve path quality or exposed bare rock, including trails across natural=bare_rock. Typically in mountainous areas. Cascade canyon trail teton 20190713 095423 1.jpgTrail in Tatra mountains paved with local rocks.jpg
pebblestone Pebbles are stones rounded by waves or river flow. Typical size range from 2 to 8 cm. Describing a surface in OSM they are loosely arranged. Like gravel pebbles can be used as a building part of compacted. Dscf1781-800.jpgDscf1829-800.jpgDscf1831-800.jpg
ground No special surface, the ground itself has marks of human or animal usage. This value gives only a rough description; if possible, use a more precise value such as grass, clay, sand, earth, gravel or pebblestone. Gfp-florida-big-shaols-state-park-forest-trail.jpg
dirt Used for where surface is exposed earth, soil, or dirt, but it is not sand, gravel, or rock. Gravel is sometimes mistakenly called dirt. Some compacted surfaces are sometimes called "dirt" too, please consider the definition of compacted. Rainy dirt road on the Tibetan Plateau.jpg
earth Used for where surface is exposed earth/soil/dirt but it is not sand or gravel or rock. The same meaning as dirt. Rainy dirt road on the Tibetan Plateau.jpg
grass Grass covered ground. Mostly nice to walk. May turn into surface=dirt or become overgrown and disappear. Grass path on field 20160719.jpg
grass_paver A sort of permeable paving using regular cell structure, where the voids in this structure enable rainwater to drain into the ground and the structure itself increases the load bearing capability. Often used for parking lots or infrequent used ways like for emergency-vehicles. Dscf1611-800.jpgDscf1614-800.jpg
metal_grid Metal grids are often used as a surface on industrial-style bridges or stairs. When wet, the surface can become very slippery, especially for bikes. The surface can also be unsuitable for dogs, due to the sharp edges and the look-through effect. This surface is sometimes known as metal grate, metal grating, steel grate/grating, or open grate. Detern - Arnold-Goudschaal-Weg - Schöpfwerk Holte 08 ies.jpg
mud Similar to ground but most of the year wet which gives a soft ground with low carrying capacity. Mostly found on wetland like swamps or in tidal areas. Sometimes also found on slopes draining onto a way. Muddy Path - geograph.org.uk - 3017448.jpg
sand Small to very small fractions (less than 2 mm) of rock. Sand Way.jpg
woodchips Woodchips as a surface, perhaps for a playground or walking trail. Can consist of either chips of actual wood, or of bark only. Sometimes written as wood chips. Tanner Moor 2 (DFdB).jpg
snow Winter roads surfaced with compacted snow.
ice Ice roads, winter roads Jaatee2003.jpg
salt Dry salt lakes 2012.10.02.155200 Bonneville Salt Flats Utah.jpg
user_defined All commonly used values according to Taginfo.

Special (sports, etc.)

clay Most common on tennis courts. Sometimes used for other sports: soccer, athletic tracks, boules, etc. EVD-tenis-212.jpg
tartan A synthetic, all-weather surface typically used in running and other sport tracks. Although Tartan is a trademark, it is used as a generic term due to its widespread usage. Athletics track.jpg
artificial_turf An all-weather surface made from synthetic fibres to look and feel like natural grass. Often used for tracks and pitches of sports such as football, baseball, etc. Kunstgress.JPG
acrylic An artificial surface covered with acrylic resin-bound coating. Often used for tennis courts, basketball courts, etc. Prominent brands include: DecoTurf, GreenSet and so on. Court Arthur Ashe.jpg
carpet Carpet may be used for some sport courts such as indoor tennis courts and appear on some highway=corridor. Korty power game.jpg
user_defined All commonly used values according to Taginfo.

This table is a wiki template with a default description in English. Editable here.