ES:Teselas

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broom

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Tiles are rectangular slabs of ceramic affixed in a grid arrangement to your bathroom wall. For shops selling such ceramic tiles, see shop=tiles.

Here we are much more likely to be talking about map tiles:

  • square bitmap graphics displayed in a grid arrangement to show a map
  • We may also be talking about tiled map data.

This page includes lots of information and technical detail. If you want to use map tiles in your web page or application you can have a look at this tutorial about how to use OpenStreetMap tiles.

Graphical Map Tiles

Map tiles are typically 256×256 pixel images. e.g.:

this example tile

Tiles are not always in these dimensions; for example there could be 64×64 pixel images for mobile use, however 256×256 pixel images are a de facto standard. 515×512 pixel seems to be the usual size of high-resolution tiles.

A "tileset" typically includes enough tiles to form a very large image, if they were shown all at once, and also several zoom levels. Generally the idea is not to show them all at once, but to display a particular area of the map on a website. Normally this is done using a JavaScript map library to provide panning and zooming functionality, and request downloading of new tiles as necessary to show the user new areas of the map (a Slippy Map).

Using tiles

Technical data

Development

Servers

This is a list of online raster tile servers based on OpenStreetMap data.

See Servers/tile for the names of the physical servers that serve openstreetmap.org's map tiles.

See Servers/Tile CDN for description of tile servers maintained by OSM and how one may donate new server to it.

{x} and {y} should be replaced with the x and y tile numbers.

{z} should be replaced with the zoom level.

{s} should be replaced by a subdomain. The exact values are in the tile server's documentation, but typically it is a single letter a, b, c and usually corresponds to Leaflet's {s} parameter[1]. Subdomains are used to help with browser parallel requests per domain limitation (not needed if the webserver uses http/2), so consider switching letters at runtime (similar to JOSM's url template construct {switch:a,b,c}).

Base maps

Name free/commercial latency IPv6 comment tiles url Tile example source code
OpenStreetMap's Standard tile layer
openstreetmap.org front page
Tile usage policy
compare
free, funded by donations 1 minutes - 1 day sí https://tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png 42.png https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto/
CyclOSM
cyclosm.org
Tile usage policy
compare
free, funded by donations ~72 hours - 1 week https://{s}.tile-cyclosm.openstreetmap.fr/[cyclosm|cyclosm-lite]/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://github.com/cyclosm/cyclosm-cartocss-style/
German fork of the Standard tile layer
openstreetmap.de map
usage policy
compare
free, funded by donations 1 month+ sí label in German and local language (transliterated where no name in Latin script is available), commercial and high-traffic use restricted https://tile.openstreetmap.de/{z}/{x}/{y}.png OSM-DE-Tile.png https://github.com/giggls/openstreetmap-carto-de/
Geofabrik Standard
OpenStreetMap Carto style (similar to www.openstretmap.org)
compare
commercial, registration required, trial available OSM data updated minutely no labels in local language Geofabrik Standard Tokyo.png
Geofabrik German
openstreetmap.de map (German OpenStreetMap Carto fork)
compare
commercial, registration required, trial available OSM data updated minutely no labels in German and local language, non-Latin characters are transliterated Geofabrik German Tokyo.png
Geofabrik English
OpenStreetMap Carto style (similar to www.openstretmap.org) but English labels
commercial, registration required, trial available OSM data updated minutely no labels in English and local language, non-Latin characters are transliterated Geofabrik English Tokyo.png
Geofabrik Topo
base map suitable for outdoor activities, with hillshade and contours
compare
commercial, registration required, trial available OSM data updated minutely no labels in English and local language, non-Latin characters are transliterated Geofabrik Topo Tokyo.png
API.Wikiocity
Wikiocity map
commercial, registration required ~1 day no you need to register to use this, a free plan is available. https://api.wikiocity.com/r/raster/{language}/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://github.com/wikiocity/wikiocity-styles
OpenCycleMap
OpenCycleMap
compare
commercial, registration required no you need to register to use this, a free plan is available. https://tile.thunderforest.com/cycle/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile cycling.png unavailable, this is a closed source project
Humanitarian map style
Humanitarian focused OSM base layer
Usage policy: https://www.openstreetmap.fr/fonds-de-carte/
compare
free, funded by donations 5 minutes - 1 day sí map style info. https and http/2 supported. https://a.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://b.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Humanitarian style.png https://github.com/hotosm/HDM-CartoCSS
OSM France
Priority given to French names and symbols (baguette instead of pretzel for bakery!). Special display for sport fields.
Usage policy: https://www.openstreetmap.fr/fonds-de-carte/
compare
free, funded by donations 1 hour sí Fork of OSM Carto. Some newer features are sometimes experimented and are discussed on the French OpenStreetmap mailing list. Guided tour of improved features. https and http/2 supported. https://a.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://b.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://c.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/{z}/{x}/{y}.png OSM-FR-Tile.png https://github.com/cquest/osmfr-cartocss map
Stamen Toner
Black & White map
compare
commercial, with a free tier for non-commercial use under 200.000 tiles / month[2] Weekly sí Hosted by Stadia Maps. No registration necessary for local development; retina (HiDPI) tiles available.

Layer groups available: stamen_toner_labels, stamen_toner_lines, stamen_toner_background, stamen_toner_lite (docs).

https://tiles.stadiamaps.com/tiles/stamen_toner/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile stamentonerb&n.png https://github.com/stamen/toner-carto (new repo for refreshed styles coming soon)
Stamen Watercolor
Artistic map
compare
commercial, with a free tier for non-commercial use under 200.000 tiles / month[2] Weekly sí Hosted by Stadia Maps. No registration necessary for local development; retina (HiDPI) tiles available. https://tiles.stadiamaps.com/tiles/stamen_watercolor/{z}/{x}/{y}.jpg Tile watercolor stamen.jpg Not public, but they give the generated tiles and code to Cooper-Hewitt for real-time rendering.[3]
Clockwork Micro Streets
Streets map
commercial, registration required no you need to register to use this, a free plan is available. https://maps.clockworkmicro.com/streets/v1/raster/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Transport Map
Transport map
compare
commercial, registration required no you need to register to use this, a free plan is available. https://tile.thunderforest.com/transport/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile transport.png


Thunderforest Landscape
Landscape map
compare
commercial, registration required no you need to register to use this, a free plan is available https://tile.thunderforest.com/landscape/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile landscape.png
Thunderforest Outdoors
Outdoors map
compare
commercial, registration required no you need to register to use this, a free plan is available https://tile.thunderforest.com/outdoors/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile outdoors.png
Öpnvkarte
Transport map
compare
sí https://tile.memomaps.de/tilegen/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile opnvtransport.png
MapTiler Streets
Streets map
compare
commercial, registration required sí you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. https://api.maptiler.com/maps/streets/{z}/{x}/{y}.png MapTilerStreets256.png
MapTiler Outdooor
Outdoor map
commercial, registration required sí you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. https://api.maptiler.com/maps/outdoor/{z}/{x}/{y}.png MapTilerOutdoor256.png
MapTiler Pastel
Pale map for overlaying own data
commercial, registration required sí you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. https://api.maptiler.com/maps/pastel/{z}/{x}/{y}.png MapTilerPastel256.png
MapTiler Basic
Basic map
compare
commercial, registration required sí you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. https://api.maptiler.com/maps/basic/{z}/{x}/{y}.png MapTilerBasic256.png
MapTiles English
MapTiles with English labels
commercial, registration required ~ 2 weeks no you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. Updates happen after data checks and may therefore take longer than 2 weeks. https://maptiles.p.rapidapi.com/en/map/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Openstreetmap-tiles-in-english.png
MapTiles French
MapTiles with French labels
commercial, registration required ~ 2 weeks no you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. Updates happen after data checks and may therefore take longer than 2 weeks. https://maptiles.p.rapidapi.com/fr/map/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Openstreetmap-tiles-in-french.png
MapTiles Spanish
MapTiles with Spanish labels
commercial, registration required ~ 2 weeks no you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. Updates happen after data checks and may therefore take longer than 2 weeks. https://maptiles.p.rapidapi.com/es/map/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Openstreetmap-tiles-in-spanish.png


Carto Light ("Positron")
general map
Required attribution: "Map tiles by Carto, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL."
commercial, registration required, uses Natural Earth at low zooms no variants available: all, nolabels, only_labels https://cartodb-basemaps-{s}.global.ssl.fastly.net/light_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Cartodb light tile.png
Carto Dark ("Dark Matter")
general map
Required attribution: "Map tiles by Carto, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL."
commercial, registration required, uses Natural Earth at low zooms no variants available: all, nolabels, only_labels https://cartodb-basemaps-{s}.global.ssl.fastly.net/dark_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Cartodb dark tile.png
OpenTopoMap
Topographical Map
free, see https://opentopomap.org/about#faq no Topographical Map https://{a|b|c}.tile.opentopomap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Omniscale
base map
commercial, registration required no coloured base map, greyscale version and coloured version with hillshading available
Retina Tiles
OpenStreetMap-Carto styled retina tiles
commercial, registration required ~ 2 weeks no you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. Updates happen after data checks and may therefore take longer than 2 weeks. https://retina-tiles.p.rapidapi.com/local/osm{r}/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?rapidapi-key=XXX Openstreetmap-retina-tiles-example.png
Standard Tiles
OpenStreetMap-Carto styled standard tiles
commercial, registration required ~ 2 weeks no you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available. Updates happen after data checks and may therefore take longer than 2 weeks. https://retina-tiles.p.rapidapi.com/local/osm/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?rapidapi-key=XXX Osm-standard-tile.png
Lima Labs
Open carto Based map with Anglicized labels
Commercial with a free tier up to 20,000,000 tiles yearly. Commercial traffic encourage on the free tier. Register for a free API key. Quarterly sí High res 512x512 tiles labeled in English and local languages where possible distributed from a global CDN. https://cdn.lima-labs.com/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?api=demo Tokyo.png
Tracestrack Carto
OSM-Carto based retina maps
compare
commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. < 10 days sí 18+ language labels; localised road shields for several countries; elevation in feet in US; several colour variants; https://tile.tracestrack.com/_/{z}/{x}/{y}.png, https://tile.tracestrack.com/en/{z}/{x}/{y}.png, https://tile.tracestrack.com/[ar|de|es|fi|fr|he|hu|it|ja|ko|nl|pl|pt|ru|uk|sv|th|tr|zh-hans|zh-hant]/{z}/{x}/{y}.png, etc Tracestrack carto tille.png
Tracestrack Topo
Combined OSM-Carto with OpenTopoMap
compare
commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. < 10 days sí 18+ language labels; localised road shields for several countries; elevation in feet in US; several colour variants; https://tile.tracestrack.com/topo__/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?key=XXX, https://tile.tracestrack.com/topo_en/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?key=XXX, https://tile.tracestrack.com/topo_[ar|de|es|fi|fr|he|hu|it|ja|ko|nl|pl|pt|ru|uk|sv|th|tr|zh-hans|zh-hant]/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?key=XXX, etc Tracestrack topo tile.png
Geoapify Map Tiles
OSM-based map tiles
commercial, a free tier for low volume use is available. Registration required Monthly updates after data checks sí OSM Carto, OSM Bright and variants, Klokantech Basic, Toner and variants, Positron and variants, Dark Matter and variants https://maps.geoapify.com/v1/tile/osm-bright-smooth/{z}/{x}/{y}.png OSM Bright Smooth by Geoapify
Stadia Alidade Smooth
View map
commercial, with a free tier available for non-commercial use Weekly sí No registration necessary for local development; retina (HiDPI) tiles available https://tiles.stadiamaps.com/tiles/alidade_smooth/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Alidade Smooth by Stadia Maps
Stadia Alidade Smooth Dark
View map
commercial, with a free tier available for non-commercial use Weekly sí No registration necessary for local development; retina (HiDPI) tiles available https://tiles.stadiamaps.com/tiles/alidade_smooth_dark/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Alidade Smooth Dark by Stadia Maps
Stadia Outdoors
View map
commercial, with a free tier available for non-commercial use Weekly sí No registration necessary for local development; retina (HiDPI) tiles available https://tiles.stadiamaps.com/tiles/outdoors/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Outdoors by Stadia Maps
Stadia OSM Bright
View map
commercial, with a free tier available for non-commercial use Weekly sí No registration necessary for local development; retina (HiDPI) tiles available https://tiles.stadiamaps.com/tiles/osm_bright/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Outdoors by Stadia Maps
MapBox
[4]
commercial sí Uses various data sources including OSM. Formerly open data and open source with a free tier available; nowadays also proprietary software and closed data. https://github.com/mapbox (partial)

Overlay tiles

Name free/commercial latency IPv6 comment tiles url Tile example source code
waymarkedtrails
Hiking routes
Free, No API key needed, see policy 1 day Using osmc:symbol=* https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/hiking/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile lonviahiking.png https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
waymarkedtrails
Cycling routes
Free, No API key needed, see policy 1 day https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/cycling/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile lonviacycling.png https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
waymarkedtrails
Riding routes
Free, No API key needed, see policy 1 day Horse riding, using osmc:symbol=* https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/riding/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Lonvia riding routes.png https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
OpenRailwayMap
Railway infrastructure
Usage policy
compare
free, funded by donations, see policy Railway infrastructure https://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://github.com/OpenRailwayMap/OpenRailwayMap
OpenRailwayMap
Railway maxspeeds
Usage policy
compare
free, funded by donations, see policy Railway maxspeeds https://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://github.com/OpenRailwayMap/OpenRailwayMap
OpenRailwayMap
Railway signalling
Usage policy
free, funded by donations, see policy Railway signalling and train protection signals https://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://github.com/OpenRailwayMap/OpenRailwayMap
OpenSeaMap
Sea marks
Sea marks only, background transparent http://tiles.openseamap.org/seamark/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tile seamark.png
Tracestrack
Bus routes
commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. Source code released in GitHub under GPL-3.0 license. 2 weeks Bus routes only, background transparent https://tile.tracestrack.com/bus-route/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tracestrack-bus-route.png
Tracestrack
Subway routes
commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. 2 weeks Subway routes only, background transparent https://tile.tracestrack.com/subway-route/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tracestrack subway routes.png
Tracestrack
Train routes
commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. 2 weeks Train routes only, background transparent https://tile.tracestrack.com/train-route/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tracestrack-train-tile.png
Tracestrack
Bicycle routes
commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. 2 weeks Bicycle lanes and routes, background transparent https://tile.tracestrack.com/bicycle-route/{z}/{x}/{y}.png Tracestrack bicycle route.png

IGN FR
Leisure Drone - France IGN https://data.geopf.fr/wmts?layer=TRANSPORTS.DRONES.RESTRICTIONS&style=normal&tilematrixset=PM&Service=WMTS&Request=GetTile&Version=1.0.0&Format=image%2Fpng&TileMatrix={z}&TileCol={x}&TileRow={y}

Regional tile servers

Name free or commercial latency IPv6 Region tiles url Tile example source code
openstreetmap-carto rendering from SOSM
standard
usage policy
free, donated resources 1 hour no Switzerland https://tile.osm.ch/switzerland/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://tile.osm.ch/switzerland/14/8544/5827.png https://github.com/sosm/openstreetmap-carto
OSM-Swiss-Style
link to the map
usage policy
free, donated resources 1 hour no Switzerland https://tile.osm.ch/osm-swiss-style/{z}/{x}/{y}.png https://tile.osm.ch/osm-swiss-style/15/17062/11532.png https://github.com/sosm/OSM-Swiss-Style



Also see for example map compare service at bbbike.org. Please obey the usage restrictions of each tile server if you use it heavily!

More webservices to display different OSM based tiles are mapstyle.petschge.de and Leaflet Provider Demo.

Notes:

Tiled map data

  • QuadTiles, a scheme to make OSM database indexed by tiles
  • OJW's tile data server, first implementation of a cacheable data server, that servs data in the same way as the tileserver.
  • Tile data server, generic definition of how data served as tiles should work. (written by ojw as well...)

Links

  • Switch2OSM, The Basics This page gives some introductory information on the tiles, licence and JavaScript libraries to display the tiles.