FIPS
In US GIS, FIPS typically refers to federal standard geographic codes. (FIPS is an acronym for "Federal Information Processing Standard".)
Tags with these codes appear on many US states, counties, and places in OpenStreetMap. Unfortunately, the tagging can be messy.
Name | Scope | Common keys | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
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Countries and regions
(example: Canada is "CA") |
|
Not a standard since 2008.
Use ISO 3166[1] and see Country code. Wikidata: Property:P901 |
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US states
(example: California's numeric code is "06") |
|
Now maintained by ANSI
Wikidata: Property:P883 |
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US counties
(example: Fresno County in California is "019", or prefixed with the state code "06019") |
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Now maintained by ANSI
Wikidata: Property:P882 |
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US places
(example: Fresno city in California is "27000", or prefixed with the state code "0627000") |
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Now maintained by ANSI
Wikidata: Property:P774 |
County and place codes are unique only within their state.[2] More than one county in the US has a FIPS code of "001". County and place codes are often combined with their state FIPS code to form a unique code. This complicates OSM semantics a little: sometimes a FIPS tag means "this OSM object is equivalent to this FIPS code" (like ref=*), other times it means "this OSM object is within this FIPS code" (like is_in=*).
- Example: On Fresno County
Fresno County,
nist:fips_code=6019
means "this is California's Fresno County" whilenist:state_fips=6
means "this is in California".
Additional tagging notes:
nist:fips_code
sometimes refers to states ("045"), sometimes counties ("22075")nist:
prefix may be considered outdated because NIST is no longer the source for these codestiger:PLACEFP
is just the 5-digit place code ("74352");tiger:PLCIDFP
is the state+place code ("0174352")tiger:CLASSFP
(26k uses) refers to a FIPS 55 class code
See also
References
- ↑ NIST FIPS replacements (PDF)
- ↑ Geographic Terms and Concepts - Codes for Geographic Entities. See under "Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS)".
External links
- Federal Information Processing Standards on Wikipedia
- ANSI Codes at the US Census