Organised Editing/Activities/Mapping Kayber Pakistan

Mapping Transport Networks for Accessibility in Kayber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Introduction

The World Bank’s Poverty and Equity Global Practice (ESAPV) is engaged in a series of projects in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, and Pakistan to relate accessibility to key services to economic and welfare outcomes using the tools and concepts of economic geography. A foundational aspect of this work is modelling accessibility using geospatial analysis tools like network analysis and cost-time modelling, which model anticipated travel speeds over geospatial transport network datasets. High-quality, complete, and well-crafted transport network data is required for such models to return accurate results and is therefore critical to the overall success of these projects. Unfortunately, the World Bank ESAPV team has noted a number of errors, gaps, and omissions in the available transport network data for each country.

The World Bank ESAPV has been requested to perform an analysis of accessibility in 21 priority districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and deliver accompanying maps and statistics before the end of September, 20201. The districts in question are Upper Chitral, Lower Chitral, Kohistan, Tor ghar, Hangu, Karak, Laki Marwat, D.I.Khan, Tank, Bajaur, Khyber

For this purpose, the World Bank has contracted Kathmandu Living Labs (KLL) to observe and correct errors and missing transportation data in OpenStreetMap (OSM) of Bhutan. The main objective of this effort is to create missing transport data – principally road and path networks.

Approach and Work Plan

We outline our approach to the project as below:

• All the mappers will have prior experience of tracing road network in OSM. Still, we will give them guidelines we have developed for our past projects and an orientation about the nature of roads in Pakistan
• Guidelines for creating roads will be followed as mentioned in Wiki Project Pakistan
• We will use HOT’s Tasking Manager to create tasks. We have an organizational privilege of creating task in Tasking Manager. It gives flexibility.
• Mappers will open tiles in the Tasking Manager and map missing roads, major paths, bridges as well as correct existing data using JOSM. Before uploading the data, s/he will run validation tool in JOSM. The JOSM validation till will track common errors e.g. crossing roads, road connected with building, overlapping roads, miss-tagged roads, untagged roads. Mappers will resolve those errors before uploading the data to OSM server.
• Senior and experienced mapper(s) from our team will be in-charge of data validation. They will download the data mapped by each mapper, run the JOSM validator, fix errors (if any), and upload the data to the OSM server. In addition to checking common errors, they will also confirm that there are no missing roads and are correctly tagged on OSM. Our validation will not be on sample basis; instead, we will validate all the data i.e. 100% data. Our data validation scope will include completion of road network (i.e. roads will not be missed out), accurately digitize missing roads, bridges, or other visible surface transportation infrastructure and, existing tags will be carried over to the final database.
• The validation process will be started within a few days once the mapping work begins and will be carried simultaneously with the mapping work. The key advantage of this early validation will be that it will enable us to check data and provide the mappers an early feedback so that their work produces highest quality data from the beginning of the project.
• We will use in-built features of Tasking Manager to coordinate the mappers’ mapping work e.g. monitor mapping work in progress, mark a tile as complete, validated etc

Timeframe

This initiative started from on July 1, 2021 and is completed by September 15, 2021. Kathmandu Living Labs will train mappers, having prior mapping knowledge in OSM for this project. Similarly, a team of highly experienced mappers from Kathmandu Living Labs are validating the data

Tools and Data Sources

Mappers use HOT Tasking Manager and JOSM to map roads using high resolution Maxar Premium Imagery. These tasks were made limited to mappers mapping the projects. The area of interest (AOI’s) was provided by the World Bank Group.

Post-Event Clean Up

We ensured data quality from the start through a periodic and rigorous data validation process. Mappers and data validators meet every day to discuss and reflect on issues and resolve them in order to ensure consistency in data creation and produce high quality data.

Map data will be validated in two stages:

By mappers

Before uploading data to OSM, mappers run validation in JOSM and resolve errors related to road. This include:

• Self-intersecting roads
• Roads connected with buildings
• Crossing waterway and highway
• Ways ending near another way
• Highway terminated into area
• Bridge not tagged properly
• Missing tags

Once these errors are resolved, the mappers uploaded the data to OSM and mark the tile as ‘mapped’ in Tasking Manager.

By validators

Experienced mappers from KLL then validated the ‘mapped’ tiles. Errors related to roads, if found any, are resolved and uploaded. Next, they verify the correctness of the data. This includes:

Ensuring quality data

Validators checked the correctness of the road traced through the Maxar premium imagery overlaid with data mapped by the mappers. If validators are satisfied with the quality, they, then, move towards the criteria of map completeness. In case of a few errors, the validators correct them. If there is a significant number of errors, the tiles are marked as “well mapped”.

Ensuring completeness

Once the validators are satisfied with map data quality, they check for missing roads in the imagery. Once they are satisfied, the tile is marked as ‘validated’; else it is marked as ‘invalid’, upon which mappers will have to map the tile again.

Data Review

Once the map data are validated by Validators from KLL they are then sent to the World Bank group for reviewing and quality assurance

Mappers and Validators

KLL recruited experienced mappers for OSM Nepal community who engaged with us to map roads in different parts of Nepal and Bhutan. List of participants is below:

Mappers				Validators
S.n	User	S.n	User	S.n	User
1	Anil Basnet	13	Megha Chand	1	Roshan Paudel
2	Ajaya Dhakal	14	Pragya Joshi	2	Manoj Thapa
3	Alisha B.K	15	Puspa chad	3	Rabin Ojha
4	Angad Lamichhane	16	Rabina Poudyal	4	Sushma Ghimire
5	Anil Jaiswal	17	Samrat Acharya
6	Arun Kumar Bhomi	18	Sandhya Upadhyay
7	Asim Shrestha	19	Sangita Pal
8	Binod Bhatta	20	Sujan Baruwal
9	Binita Upadhyay	21	Sunil Bhattarai
10	Deepa Chand	22	Supath Dhital
11	Gaurav Parajuli	23	Tulsi bhatt
12	Kesav Chaulagain

Contact

You can contact us through our email: hello@kathmnadulivinglabs.org or  Ro Sun in case you have questions about this project.

Hashtag

We used #kll #esapv #worldbank #kll_mapping_road_in_pakistan while uploading data in OSM

Results

We have made 68,930 total edits to create 60029 KM of roads in different districts of Kayber Province