Zh-hans:Relation:waterway

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水道关系的目的是有一个描述河流或其他水道的单一对象。大多数标记都可以一次性添加到水道关系中，而无需在每个河段上添加和维护。该关系包括组成河流的所有河道，包括支流。

每条水路都必须使用 waterway=* 标记，也可以使用其他标记来描述单条水路（例如：intermittent=yes、width=*......）。描述水道整体的标签只能放在关系中（例如：wikidata=*、destination=*......）。

该关系显然应标记为 name=*，其他语言的名称也应标记为 name:*=*。由于并非所有渲染器都支持水路关系，因此每条水路也应标记为本地的 name=*。短路段可能有不同的名称（如一段急流）或没有名称（如经过一个湖泊），这些都可以相应地标记。此外，当航道经过使用不同语言的不同国家或地区时，航道的当地名称可能会发生变化，在这种情况下，在每条航道上标注当地名称就变得更加重要，并且该关系应具有适当的多语言名称。

Tags

Key	Value	Description
type	waterway	(mandatory)
waterway	river, stream, canal, drain, ditch	(recommended) Subtype of the waterway relation similar to waterway=* Hint: if the waterway starts as a stream and becomes larger, then use the tag of the largest waterway (e.g. river). This is purely informational, the stream members still need their own waterway=* tag.
name	*	Name of the waterway. When a river gets multiple names (e.g. because it passes through multiple language regions), use all different names in the name tag, ordered from source to mouth, and split by slashes (the character "/"). The individual sections can still get their localised name.
name:xx	*	Name of the waterway in the specific language, where xx is an ISO language code. The international name tag name:en=* is recommended for large waterways or when the name tag is in a language not every people can read/sound it (Chinese, Japanese, Russian, Khmer...).
destination	* (optional)	Name of the river, lake, sea, ocean... into which this waterway flows.
wikipedia	* (optional)	Link to the wikipedia page (when several pages in several languages are available, choose the page with the best/complete description).
wikidata	* (optional)	ID Qxxxx of the waterway in Wikidata
length	* (optional)	Total length of the waterway in meter. To avoid. The information is or should be in wikipedia and/or wikidata. To have the information in different places means probably different values.

Reference tags

Key	Value	Description
ref	* (optional)	Any kind of reference or use the specialized tags below. (See discussion for more alternatives)
ref:sandre	* (optional)	In France you can add the Sandre reference: see French waterways wikiprojet for explanations. Sandre official Website or fr.wikipedia
ref:fgkz	* (optional)	In Germany you can add the  FGKZ reference
ref:regine	* (optional)	In Norway you can add the  regine reference
gnis:feature_id	* (optional)	In USA you can add the  gnis reference
ref:gnbc	* (optional)	In Canada you can add the  gnbc reference
ref:gwlnr	* (optional)	In Switzerland you can add the  gwlnr reference

成员

Object type	Role	Recurrence	Description
	None or main_stream	One or more	Any kind of waterway ways. They must have a waterway=[river, canal, stream, drain, ditch] tag.
	side_stream/ anabranch	Zero or more	A branch of main stream that returns to it. They must have a tag waterway=*.
	spring	Optional	natural=spring The spring of the river.
	mouth	Optional	The place where the river ends. Could be the junction with another river, a sinkhole...
	tributary/ distributary	Zero	A watercourse (tributary) can join another watercourse, or a watercourse can split into two different watercourses (distributaries). If needed, use queries to gather tributaries of a watercourse (example). To avoid. Misleading, mixes up data about separate watercourses, see Talk:Relation:waterway. If it is truly two different watercourses, don't mix them in one relation, or if it is the same watercourse (example, a river in a delta before to end into a lake or a sea), use the role side_stream.
	riverbank or waterbody	Zero	The waterbody (area) of the river. To avoid. Not approved and controversial, see Talk:Relation:waterway. The purpose of a waterway relation is not to have a collection of all elements of a watercourse but to put together elements to avoid redundant (and missing) informations on all the ways of the watercourse.

参见

• The proposal Relations/Proposed/Waterway

Related pages

• WikiProject_Rivers to organize waterway mappings
• waterway=* - for mapping single waterways
• water=* - for mapping waterbodies

Tools

WIWOSM

displays rivers in wikipedia maps

Scanner for waterway relations

“OSM Waterway analyses”. http://www.h-renrew.de/h/osm/osmchecks/07_watershed/index.html. 

Statistic for waterway related relations

“OSM Relation Hierarchy: planet_waterways”. http://www.h-renrew.de/h/osm/osmchecks/02_Relationstypen/planet_waterways.html.  (outdated, datas are from 2010 to 2013)

Overpass Turbo query to display the tributaries of a given river

https://overpass-turbo.eu/s/PFD