Zh-hans:Key:ref

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Public-images-osm logo.svg ref
UK traffic sign 2901.svg
说明
用于编号。一般用于道路、道路出口、路径等。 在wiki页中编辑此说明 在数据项中编辑此说明
组: References
用于这些元素
可用于节点可用于路径可用于区域可用于关系
状态:实际使用

ref”的意思是“reference”,被用于表示编号。一般用于道路、道路出口、路径等,也可以用于连锁品牌或者网络官方按顺序编号的商店和便利设施。

这个关键字及其变种一般被用来避免使用relations

关键字及变种

用于cycle routes

ref:*被广泛地用做namespace的前缀。下面是常用的变种:

关键字 用于 描述 备注 使用数量 (2018.06.25)
ref:bag=* 荷兰建筑编号 BAGimport 10112655[1]
ref:bic=* heritage=* 西班牙文化遗产(BIC)编号 西班牙政府:Bienes culturales protegidos 527[2]
ref:cadw=* heritage:operator=cadw 被英国威尔士Cadw数据库收录的纪念碑和建筑的编号 [3]
ref:ctb=* highway=bus_stop 香港城巴的巴士站的编号 1651[4]
ref:De_Lijn=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master 比利时佛兰德斯及周边公交/电车站的编号 WikiProject_Belgium/De_Lijndata 38318[5]
ref:dhis2=* boundary=health relation 与 医疗设施 DHIS2的编号,被用于60多个国家 Congo-Kinshasa/Zones_de_santé/Workflow [6]
ref:fgkz=* Relation:waterway FGKZ 编号(德国) 9927[7]
ref:gnbc=* Relation:waterwayRelation:boundaryplace=*和其他 GNBC 编号(加拿大) About the Canadian Geographical Names Database 52[8]
ref:gnis=* Relation:waterwayRelation:boundaryplace=*和其他 GNIS 编号(美国) 18[9]
ref:harbour=* landuse=industrial 港口道路标识牌上的公司编号,荷兰常用
ref:IFOPT=* highway=bus_stop/public_transport=platform node 公交站和站台的国际编号 114301[10]2019-04-20
ref:industrial=* landuse=industrial 工业区道路标识牌上的公司编号,荷兰常用
ref:INSEE=* admin_level=* 法国市镇的INSEE编号 77693[11]
ref:isil=* amenity=library 图书馆用国际标准识别符(International Standard Identifier for Libraries) 1539[12]
ref:kmb=* highway=bus_stop 香港 KMB & LW 的公交站编号 3199[13]
ref:mhs=* heritage=* 法国 Mérimée 数据库中对历史纪念碑的编号 34120[14]
ref:MMM=* highway=* or emergency=defibrillator or attraction=animal 法国地区自治体 Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole 使用的物品编号 Montpellier#Utilisation_du_tag_ref:MMM 278[15]
ref:NBd=* junction=yes or traffic_sign=* 荷兰国家编号服务(Nationale Bewegwijzeringsdienst,NBd)的编号 99[16]
ref:nid=* heritage=* Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa 历史纪念碑的编号 10634[17]
ref:nrhp=* heritage=* 美国国家史迹名录(NRHP)的编号 NRHP advanced search 3626[18]
ref:rce=* heritage=* Id in Dutch Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed 4528[19]
ref:regine=* Relation:waterway REGINE 编号(挪威) 2[20]
ref:ruian=*
ref:ruian:addr=*
ref:ruian:building=*
building=*, addr=* RUIAN 建筑和道路编号(捷克) 565550[21]

2275524[21]

2862196[21]

ref:sandre=* river 法国 Sandre agency 的编号 WikiProject France/Cours d'eau 52151[22]
ref:svhl=* of Lübecker Stadtverkehr 站点编号(德国) Lübeck/Importe 2322[23]
ref:whc=* heritage=* 联合国教科文组织世界遗产编号 1464[24]
ref:TECB=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master signposted on bus stops in and around Brabant-Wallon, Wallonia, Belgium TEC data import 3602[25]
ref:TECC=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master signposted on bus stops in and around Charleroi, Wallonia, Belgium TEC data import 3398[26]
ref:TECH=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master signposted on bus stops in and around Hainaut, Wallonia, Belgium TEC data import 5638[27]
ref:TECL=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master signposted on bus stops in and around Liège-Verviers, Wallonia, Belgium TEC data import 9316[28]
ref:TECN=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master signposted on bus stops in and around Namur, Wallonia, Belgium TEC data import 5357[29]
ref:TECX=* bus_stop/platform node, route, route_master signposted on bus stops in and around Luxembourg (province), Wallonia, Belgium TEC data import 5848[30]
ref:UrbIS=* building=* addr=* Reference Key of Urbis Database for addresses in Brussels Brussels#CIRB_UrbIS 292732[31]
ref:usrn=* Unique Street Reference Number - a primary key use by the National Address Gazeteer in the UK National Address Gazeteer 66847[32]
ref:VHAG=* waterway=* reference codenr. of waterways in Flanders,Belgium Vlaamse Hydrografische Atlas [33]

‡ JOSM Waterway 中特别地预设了这些关键字来鼓励使用。[34] 对于编号系统的范围,Depending on the scope of the reference system, they may have uses in other key/tag schemas as well.

关键值

用户定义值

任意有效的状态值

示例

关系 (Relation)

州或省经常用 ref 标注了邮政缩写。例如:

在道路路线中, ref 就是(等级和)数字,通过network=*来传递路网的信息:

同样的,在骑行或步行路线中,ref 就是数字,然后通过cycle_network=*指明路线网络:

公交路线使用 ref 来标注,例如:

  • ref=23 公交23路. (type=route, route=bus, name=Shanklin>Newchurch>Newport - currently relation 312207)

路径 (Way)

对于 ref 里应不应该有空格、连字符或者其他字符,国际上没有一个统一的标准。至少对于本国,按实际情况标准。有些国家在标识里用空格,有些不用。在有些国家,标识的使用很混乱,规范也在讨论中。

  • ref=A 1 默认的编号 (德国和法国标号里有空格:e.g. A 1
  • int_ref=E 15 国际编号
  • nat_ref=A 1 国内的编号 (德国和法国标号里有空格:e.g. A 1])
  • reg_ref=A 1 地区的编号 (德国和法国标号里有空格:e.g. A 1])
  • ncn_ref=54 国家骑行网的编号。参考 Cycle_routes
  • ref=A 3;A 7 多个编号时(德国和法国标号里有空格:e.g. A 1])

节点 (Node)

当有highway=motorway_junction时,节点的 ref 通常代表公路出口:

  • ref=23 美国公路出口通常就是个数字。
  • ref=23B 有时出口会分成 A 和 B。

ref 有时也被用于 bus stops

ref 有时也被用于标记大型停车场的入口。比如一个商场可能有 A - L 入口:

特殊情况

  • ref:svhl=* - Lübecker Stadtverkehr(德国)的站点关键字 - 更多细节:Lübeck/Importe
  • ref:luebeck=* - Lübeck地区里物品的内部编号
  • ref:bufa=* - 德国当地财税机关(Bundesfinanzamtnummer)的四字母编号
  • ref:vatin=CC12345678 - 公司的增值税识别号,由国家编号(e.g. IT for Italy)和数字组成
  • official_ref=* - Used in cases where the official administrative reference for a road (or other feature) is not identical with the road signs (or other feature ref), e.g. because they are old, or because the administration doesn't have the money to change the signs.
  • ref=xxxx - Used to mark official company store number assigned to a place. Example (ref=7872) CVS (You'll see a reference tag added to the building)
  • ref:penndot=* - Used for internal state route designations of the Location Referencing System in Pennsylvania.

参看

For United States road tagging

备注

  • For highways shared by more than one route see Relations/Routes or Faq#What shall I do for roads that have multiple values for a tag?. Relations seem to be the preferred method for tagging this.
  • If more than one reference is given, you are recommended to separate them with a semicolon and without a space character, because this is the widely established syntax in Germany and maybe other countries. But note, this syntax is being heavily discussed in Germany. A better approach might be to have a namespace and add the entity that has issued the ref, e.g. ref:foo=x ref:bar=y.
  • Do not confuse this issue with the space that is present in some countries between the letter and the number in a reference itself.
  • When a road has no number, leave this key unused; this makes sure that routing programs do not try to describe the road by a number.

参考资料

  1. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Abag
  2. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Abic
  3. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Acadw
  4. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:ctb
  5. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:De_Lijn
  6. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:dhis2
  7. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Afgkz
  8. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Agnbc
  9. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Agnis
  10. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:IFOPT
  11. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:insee
  12. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:isil
  13. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:kmb
  14. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Amhs
  15. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3AMMM
  16. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/keys/?key=ref%3ANBd
  17. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Anid
  18. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Anrhp
  19. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Arce
  20. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Aregine
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Aruian
  22. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Asandre
  23. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Asvhl
  24. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Awhc
  25. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:TECB
  26. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:TECC
  27. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:TECH
  28. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:TECL
  29. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:TECN
  30. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:TECX
  31. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:UrbIS
  32. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref%3Ausrn
  33. https://taginfo.openstreetmap.org/search?q=ref:VHAG
  34. https://josm.openstreetmap.de/browser/josm/trunk/data/defaultpresets.xml