RDF

This page is a quick introduction of use of Resource Description Framework (RDF) on OpenStreetMap, in special examples of how different projects encode data and/or other information.

The Glossary contains related terms and, if any, links to a dedicated page on OpenStreetMap wiki.

OpenStreetMap RDF encoding examples

This list contains quick examples of how OpenStreetMap data or other information (like tags and structural concepts) is expressed in RDF, even if one or more projects are not online. The order is from the first known implementation that popularized the encoding.

Following pages also need examples: OSMonto, OSM Semantic Network

LinkedGeoData

• Date: 2009-07-20 ^{wiki page created date}
• See LinkedGeoData

# TODO: please add a example here for LinkedGeoData

TagFinder

• Date: 2015-01-18 ^{wiki page created date}
• See TagFinder

# TODO: please add a example here for TagFinder

Sophox

• Date: 2017-04-26 ^{wiki page created date}
• See Sophox

osmnode:1234  osmm:type      'n'
osmnode:1234  osmm:loc       'Point(32.1 44.5)'^^geo:wktLiteral  # longitude/latitude
osmnode:1234  osmt:name      'node name tag'
osmnode:1234  osmt:name:en   'node name:en tag'
osmnode:1234  osmt:wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_name>
osmnode:1234  osmt:wikidata  wd:Q34

Glossary

Fix me: "OWL", "SKOS", "knowledge representation", "Linked Data", "JSON-LD"...]

Related Standards

GeoSPARQL

• See on Wikipedia: w:GeoSPARQL
• See specification: https://www.ogc.org/standards/geosparql

GeoSPARQL is a Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standard for representation and querying of geospatial linked data for the Semantic Web.

RDF

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standard originally designed as a data model for metadata. It has come to be used as a general method for description and exchange of graph data. RDF provides a variety of syntax notations and data serialization formats with Turtle (Terse RDF Triple Language) currently being the most widely used notation.

RDFS

• See on Wikipedia: w:RDF_Schema
• See specification: https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/

RDF Schema (Resource Description Framework Schema, variously abbreviated as RDFS, RDF(S), RDF-S, or RDF/S), a W3C recommendation, is a set of classes with certain properties using the RDF extensible knowledge representation data model, providing basic elements for the description of ontologies.

SHACL

• OpenStreetMap Wiki page: SHACL

The Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) is a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standard language for describing Resource Description Framework (RDF) graphs. It does have documented SHACL Use Cases and Requirements. Among others, it includes features to express conditions that constrain the number of values that a property may have, the type of such values, numeric ranges, string matching patterns, and logical combinations of such constraints. SHACL also includes an extension mechanism to express more complex conditions in languages such as SPARQL and JavaScript in the SHACL Advanced Features.

SPARQL

• See on Wikipedia: w:SPARQL
• See specification: https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/

Related terms

DE-9IM

• See on Wikipedia: w:DE-9IM

The Dimensionally Extended 9-Intersection Model (DE-9IM) is a topological model and a standard used to describe the spatial relations of two regions (two geometries in two-dimensions, R2), in geometry, point-set topology, geospatial topology, and fields related to computer spatial analysis.

Inference

• See on Wikipedia: w:Inference

Inferences are steps in reasoning, moving from premises to logical consequences; etymologically, the word infer means to "carry forward". Inference is theoretically traditionally divided into deduction and induction, a distinction that in Europe dates at least to Aristotle (300s BCE).

RCC8

• See on Wikipedia: w:Region connection calculus

The region connection calculus (RCC) is intended to serve for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning. RCC abstractly describes regions (in Euclidean space, or in a topological space) by their possible relations to each other.

A graphical representation of Region Connection Calculus (RCC: Randell, Cui and Cohn, 1992) and the links to the equivalent naming by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) with their equivalent URIs.

Semantic reasoner

• See on Wikipedia: w:Semantic reasoner

Spatial relation

• See on Wikipedia: w:Spatial relation

A spatial relation specifies how some object is located in space in relation to some reference object. When the reference object is much bigger than the object to locate, the latter is often represented by a point. The reference object is often represented by a bounding box.

Examples of topological spatial relations.

Data items

The full dataset of data items is available as an RDF dump in Turtle format.

See also

• osm2rdf