OpenRailwayMap/Tagging in France

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This section describes the tagging scheme specific to French railway signalling, based on the international railway signal tagging model.

JOSM Presets

Dedicated JOSM presets are available for download directly from the application to simplify the mapping of French railway signalling according to these specifications. Please see French railway signalling JOSM Presets for more information.

Tagging

All railway signals must include the following tags:

Optional tags:

  • ref=*: identifier shown on the marker plate (plaque de repérage) when present.

Notes

On this page, the railcar signal category covers Electric Multiple Units (EMUs) and Diesel Multiple Units (DMUs), collectively called automoteurs in French.

Stop signals

Carré

An absolute stop signal for normal train operations, typically found on main lines or at stations. The signal displays two steady red lights, arranged either vertically or horizontally. It is equipped with a clearing light (French: œilleton), which is illuminated in all states except when the signal is closed (i.e. displaying the FR:C state). The signal also features an identification plate (French: Plaque d'Identification) bearing the inscription Nf in white letters on a black background.

The signal may also be equipped with a marker plate (French: Plaque de Repérage) and/or a block system identification plate (French: plaque de cantonnement) indicating the block system beyond the signal. The inscriptions on these plates are written in black letters on a white background.

  • Carré aspect on a C-type signal head.
    Carré aspect on a C-type signal head.

Optional tags:

Features

Block system identification plate

Carré (dwarf)
  • Carré aspect on a dwarf Carré signal.
    Carré aspect on a dwarf Carré signal.

Optional tags:

Signal de milieu de quai (2TMV)
  • Illuminated white cross aspect on an intermediate signal
    Illuminated white cross aspect on an intermediate signal

Also known as an intermediate signal, this is a horizontal dwarf Carré signal used on platforms to manage two trains on the same track (French: 2 Trains sur une Même Voie). It features a standard dwarf layout supplemented by a central light capable of displaying an illuminated white cross. This system offers high operational flexibility, allowing two railcars to enter the platform sequentially (either from the same or opposite directions) to either depart independently or couple together.

Depending on the operational scenario, the signal presents the following aspects:

  • Carré: Closed to stop an incoming train at the middle of the platform. This aspect is announced by the upstream signal presenting a Caution (Avertissement) aspect combined with a flashing illuminated horizontal yellow band.
  • Illuminated White Cross: Cancels the signal when a multiple-unit train enters and occupies the entire platform, or when an incoming single-unit is routed to stop at the end of the second half of the platform. In these cases, the upstream Caution signal is presented without the flashing illuminated yellow band.
  • Caution: Displayed when the station's exit signal is open (e.g., displaying a Rappel 30), ensuring the train does not exceed 30 km/h between the intermediate and exit signals.
  • Flashing Red: Opens after an initial stop at the Carré to authorize a low-speed (15 km/h max) entry and safe coupling onto a railcar already stationary at the second half of the platform.
Carré (mechanical)

Carré violet

An absolute stop signal, similar to the Carré signal, specifically used to control train movements during shunting operations, on service tracks, or at the transition between service tracks and main lines. It may be provided either as a mechanical board or as a light signal.

The light form displays a single steady purple light. Like the Carré signal, it is equipped with an identification plate bearing the inscription Nf in white letters on a black background and may also be equipped with a marker plate and/or a block plate with inscriptions in black letters on a white background.

  • Cv aspect on a C-type signal head.
    Cv aspect on a C-type signal head.
  • Cv aspect on an A-type signal head.
    Cv aspect on an A-type signal head.
  • Cv aspect on a K-type signal head.
    Cv aspect on a K-type signal head.

Optional tags:

Carré violet (mechanical)

The mechanical form consists of a purple square with a white border. To ensure visibility at night, it is fitted with a purple light positioned below the board.

  • Mechanical Carré violet
    Mechanical Carré violet

Sémaphore

A stop signal that can be passed under certain conditions. The signal may display either a steady or flashing red light. It is also equipped with an Identification Plate featuring one of the following inscriptions in white letters on a black background:

  • S aspect on an F-type signal head.
    S aspect on an F-type signal head.
  • S aspect on an A-type signal head.
    S aspect on an A-type signal head.

Optional identification plate:

Sémaphore (mechanical)
  • Mechanical semaphore signal.
    Mechanical semaphore signal.

Guidon d'arrêt

A stop signal that requires the driver to come to a complete stop before the signal. When in the open position, the signal does not display any specific indication other than the red band being extinguished. It is equipped with an identification plate with the inscription GA and may also have a marker plate, both featuring inscriptions in black letters on a white background.

  • Guidon d'Arrêt.
    Guidon d'Arrêt.

Yellow band

In some stations, the entrance Carré signal may be equipped with a horizontal illuminated yellow band (French: Bande jaune lumineuse horizontale). This band is lit in addition to the Caution (Avertissement) light. It instructs the driver to be prepared to stop within a short distance, either due to the presence of vehicles or the closure of an intermediate stop signal.

A TVM stop marker may also be equipped with a yellow light band.

  • Yellow band.
    Yellow band.

Distant signals

Disque

A Disque signal instructs the driver to proceed at sight (Marche à Vue) as soon as possible or to stop before the first set of points (switch or crossing) protected by the signal. It is equipped with an identification plate bearing the inscription D in black letters on a white background.

  • Luminous Disque signal.
    Luminous Disque signal.
Disque (mechanical)
  • Mechanical Disque signal.
    Mechanical Disque signal.

Avertissement

An Avertissement (Caution) signal indicates the approach to a closed sémaphore of Block Automatique à Permissivité Restreinte (BAPR). It is equipped with an identification plate bearing the inscription A in black letters on a white background.

  • Luminous Avertissement signal.
    Luminous Avertissement signal.
Avertissement (mechanical)
  • Mechanical Avertissement signal.
    Mechanical Avertissement signal.

Disabled signal

Signals not currently in use (e.g. deactivated or out of service) are marked with a white Saint Andrew's cross.

  • Disabled H-type signal head
    Disabled H-type signal head

Use one of the following tags depending on the signal type (main or distant):

Light boxes

Several illuminated shunting boards (D, G) and wrong-road signalling boards (TECS, TSCS) may be installed in either a single light box (French: caisson lumineux) or a double light box. These light boxes are usually installed alongside a Carré signal.

This is mapped using the lightbox property, which only applies when form=light is used; a mechanical board (form=sign) is always installed as a single board. See the individual board descriptions below for the applicable tags.

The lightbox property indicates the board's position within the light box:

  • unset - single light box (default)
  • left - the board occupies the left half of a double light box
  • right - the board occupies the right half of a double light box

When two boards share a double light box, both are mapped on the same node. Each board is tagged separately, with one lightbox property set to left and the other to right. Both boards also share the same idreseau value (*:ref), which identifies the light box itself.

  • Example of a double light box
    Example of a double light box

For example, a light box displaying a D board on the left and a TECS board on the right would be tagged as follows:

The combination of the lightbox property and the shared *:ref value indicates that both boards refer to the same physical light box. In this example, 123456 is a placeholder for an idreseau value.

Instruction boards

Instruction boards (French: Pancarte de consigne) display operational instructions for train drivers. They are generally used in conjunction with another board or signal.

  • Tirez au Pied du Signal instruction board
    Tirez au Pied du Signal instruction board
  • Ne Franchir que sur Ordre du Poste 1+A instruction board
    Ne Franchir que sur Ordre du Poste 1+A instruction board

Signal position indicators

Signs that inform the driver about the side on which trackside signals are installed after a signalling or signal placement transition, such as a change between left-hand and right-hand running or between cab signalling and lineside signalling.

Signals on right sign

This sign indicates that trackside signals are installed on the right-hand side of the track.

  • Signals on right sign
    Signals on right sign

Signals on left sign

This sign indicates that trackside signals are installed on the left-hand side of the track.

  • Signals on left sign
    Signals on left sign

Mirlitons

Mirlitons are non-illuminated boards used to mark the approach to signals with reduced visibility. Three boards are generally installed approximately 100 m apart from each other and from the signal, displaying three, two and one diagonal black bands respectively. In some cases, fewer boards may be used. Smaller versions may be installed directly on the ground when required.

  • Mirliton I
    Mirliton I
  • Mirliton II
    Mirliton II
  • Mirliton III
    Mirliton III

Permanent speed limits

Permanent speed restrictions are signaled:

Mechanical speed indicators

Ralentissement 30
  • Mechanical slow 30 signal.
    Mechanical slow 30 signal.
Rappel 30

Rappel de ralentissement 30 (Reminder 30).

  • Mechanical reminder 30 signal.
    Mechanical reminder 30 signal.

Switchable speed indicators

Points that can only be crossed at reduced speed in the thrown direction (approximately 60 km/h) are typically preceded by two switchable speed indicators: a diamond-shaped TIV à Distance (TIV-D) followed by a speed limit reminder called TIV de Rappel (TIV-R).

These boards can be luminous or mechanical; when clear, they present a continuous white vertical band.

Switchable TIV-D
  • Mechanical TIV-D (sign)
    Mechanical TIV-D (sign)
  • Luminous TIV-D (light)
    Luminous TIV-D (light)
  • Clear luminous TIV-D (light)
    Clear luminous TIV-D (light)
Switchable TIV-R

The TIV-R is always paired with the Carré signal preceding the point.

  • Mechanical TIV-R (sign)
    Mechanical TIV-R (sign)
  • Luminous TIV-R (light)
    Luminous TIV-R (light)
  • Clear luminous TIV-R (light)
    Clear luminous TIV-R (light)

Chevron pointe en bas

If necessary, the location of the point (or the first point in the case of successive points) is identified by a downward-pointing chevron.

In some cases, particularly at diverging exits from certain station tracks, a 30 km/h speed reminder may apply to a trailing point rather than to a facing point. In such cases, the location of the relevant point may instead be identified by an upward-pointing chevron (Chevron pointe en haut).

  • Chevron pointe en bas
    Chevron pointe en bas

Fixed speed indicators

Fixed Ordinary-type TIV-D

Fixed distant speed indicators of the ordinary type (French: TIV fixes à distance du type ordinaire) are square-shaped when indicating a speed reduction of less than 40 km/h, and diamond-shaped otherwise. Diamond-shaped indicators are equipped with a crocodile.

  • Square TIV-D
    Square TIV-D
  • Diamond-shaped TIV-D
    Diamond-shaped TIV-D

Common tags:

Additional tag for diamond-shaped indicators only:


The Z sign is the execution signal indicating the start of the section to be traveled at limited speed.

  • Z sign
    Z sign


The R sign indicates the end of the section where the speed limit is required and the return to normal speed (Reprise de vitesse).

  • R sign
    R sign
Fixed B-type TIV-D

B-type fixed distant speed indicators (TIV fixes à distance du type B) apply to trains authorized to exceed 140 km/h. When only a B-type indicator is present, the indicated speed limit also applies to EMUs and DMUs.

  • Fixed B-type TIV-D
    Fixed B-type TIV-D
Fixed C-type TIV-D

C-type fixed distant speed indicators (TIV fixes à distance du type C) specifically apply to railcars, EMUs, and DMUs.

  • Fixed C-type TIV-D
    Fixed C-type TIV-D

When a B-type and a C-type fixed distant speed indicator are paired, the speed limit shown by the B-type indicator applies only to trains authorized to exceed 140 km/h. The C-type indicator serves as a reminder of the upstream speed limit for railcars, EMUs, and DMUs.

If the speed limit differs between pendular and non-pendular EMUs and DMUs, the C-type indicator displays two numbers. The lower section, in italics and showing the higher value, indicates the limit for pendular trains; the upper section shows the limit for non-pendular EMUs and DMUs.

Speed limit announcement (P board)

The P board announces a distant speed indicator (TIV-D) for lines equipped with pre-announcement signalling. This board applies only to trains running at speeds higher than 160 km/h and requires the train to pass the next TIV-D at a speed lower than 160 km/h. This sign is lit at night.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical board (sign)
    Mechanical board (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

Pentagonal speed indicators

Pentagonal TIVs typically concern freight trains and possibly certain locomotive series. The TIV figure specifies the maximum speed in tens of kilometers per hour (e.g. 5 stands for 50 km/h).

Pentagonal distant TIV

A distant upward-pointing pentagonal speed indicator (TIV-D) announces a special speed restriction.

  • Pentagonal TIV-D
    Pentagonal TIV-D
Locomotive restriction (L sign)

When the restriction applies only to certain locomotive series, the pentagonal TIV-D is accompanied by an L sign placed below it.

Pentagonal TIV

A downward-pointing pentagonal TIV, with a white digit on a black background, marks the beginning of the speed-restricted section and indicates that the speed limit is now in effect.

  • Pentagonal TIV
    Pentagonal TIV
Pentagonal white board

A downward-pointing pentagonal white board (Tableau blanc in French) without any markings indicates the end of the track section to be traversed at a limited speed.

  • Pentagonal white board
    Pentagonal white board

Speed marker (Km sign)

A speed marker or Repère de Vitesse is used in conjunction with TIVs to indicate transition points of the speed limit when these do not coincide with notable landmarks.

  • Km sign
    Km sign

Route indicators

Routes are signaled with either an Indicateur de Direction (ID) or a Tableau Indicateur de Direction à Distance (TIDD), or both.

Indicateur de Direction

An Indicateur de Direction (ID) is typically grouped with the Carré signal preceding the relevant facing point(s).

  • Indicateur de Direction
    Indicateur de Direction

Tableau Indicateur de Direction à Distance

The Tableau Indicateur de Direction à Distance (TIDD) indicates the position of the next point, either left or right unless the next signal displays a closed Carré in which case, the TIDD is off.

  • TIDD (first direction aspect)
    TIDD (first direction aspect)
  • TIDD (second direction aspect)
    TIDD (second direction aspect)

Tableau Lumineux de Direction

For some routes, a Tableau Lumineux de Direction (TLD) provides a more precise indication of the direction, in the form of a track number, an abbreviation, or a destination name.

Optional tags:

Track information
Track direction signs
  • Track direction sign (horizontal arrangement)
    Track direction sign (horizontal arrangement)
  • Track direction sign (vertical arrangement)
    Track direction sign (vertical arrangement)

Optional tags:

Track indicator signs
  • Track indicator sign
    Track indicator sign

Optional tags:

Branch lines

The BIF board announces a trailing switch junction with multiple tracks.

  • BIF board
    BIF board


The Y board announces a facing switch junction.

  • Y board
    Y board

Wrong-road signalling

These boards are used on double-track sections equipped with wrong-road signalling installations, also known in French as Installations Permanentes de ContreSens (IPCS).

The wrong-road entry board or Tableau d'Entrée de ContreSens (TECS) indicates or confirms to the driver that the train is authorised to run in the opposite direction to normal traffic.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical board (sign)
    Mechanical board (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

Optional tags:

Light box arrangement if the signal is displayed in a double light box (single by default):


The wrong-road exit board or Tableau de Sortie de ContreSens (TSCS) informs the driver that the train, currently running in the wrong road, is now directed back to the normal running direction.

Optional tags:

Light box arrangement if the signal is displayed in a double light box (single by default):

Ground-to-train radio

Network marker

When a section of railway line is equipped with a radio system, a network marker marks the transition point to radio operation. It identifies the applicable national system by displaying the initial letter of the corresponding country or railway network.

  • GSM-R network marker
    GSM-R network marker
  • Ground-to-train radio marker
    Ground-to-train radio marker

Channel signs

A network marker indicating a transition to GSM-R may be accompanied by a sign indicating the radio channel to select. Radio channel signs can also be displayed alone to indicate channel transitions.

  • GSM-R channel sign
    GSM-R channel sign
  • GSM-R UIC channel sign
    GSM-R UIC channel sign

Cab signalling

To allow trains to run safely at speeds above 220 km/h, traditional lineside signals are replaced by in-cab signalling systems. These systems transmit movement authorities and speed instructions directly to the driver's cab.

In France, the two main cab signalling systems are Transmission Voie-Machine (TVM) and the European Train Control System (ETCS).

CAB boards

The train is directed towards a cab signalling line. One or more boards of this type precede the entry.

  • Cab signalling line advance board
    Cab signalling line advance board


The train enters a cab signalling line. This board is at the position of the last signal or immediately downstream of that signal.

  • Cab signalling line entry board
    Cab signalling line entry board


The train is returning to a traditional lateral signalling line.

  • Cab signalling line exit board
    Cab signalling line exit board

Note: prepend / to the type to specify the crossed-out variant of a sign/board identified by its displayed name or acronym (function=exit).

TVM markers
TVM stop marker
  • TVM stop marker
    TVM stop marker

Optional tags:

TVM transition marker

The boards indicate transitions between TVM systems or types of cab signalling. The numbers 300 or 430 indicate the downstream TVM system, while 1 or 2 indicate the track direction.

  • TVM300 transition board
    TVM300 transition board
  • TVM430 transition board
    TVM430 transition board
Shunting marker

A shunting marker (French: Jalon de Manœuvre) is placed at a point where certain train movements are executed. These movements may include reversing, shunting, or departing trains from a work site. The white chevron points to the track involved.

  • Shunting marker
    Shunting marker

Optional tags:

Cancellation signal (RATP)

The SACEM (French: Système d'Aide à la Conduite, à l'Exploitation et à la Maintenance) is a cab signalling system used on the RER A line in the Paris region. When SACEM is active, most lineside signal indications are cancelled and replaced by an illuminated Saint-Andrew's cross (X), with the exception of stop signals, the clearing light (œilleton), route indicators and partially occupied track indicators.

  • SACEM cancellation signal
    SACEM cancellation signal

ETCS markers

See ETCS markers.

Electrified railway lines

Neutral sections

A neutral section (French: zone de sectionnement) is a grounded catenary section, isolated on both sides, used to separate portions of track either powered by different substations or phases, or when switching voltages from 1500 V DC to 25 kV AC and vice versa, or to accommodate different voltages and frequencies in cross-border areas.

Power-off advance signal

The advance signal indicates the presence of a neutral section ahead, located at the specified distance (in meters).

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical signal (sign)
    Mechanical signal (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

Optional tags:

Power-off signal

The power-off (French: Coupez courant) signal requires the main circuit breaker to be opened when passing through a neutral section, which it traverses using its own kinetic energy (marche sur l'erre).

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical signal (sign)
    Mechanical signal (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)
Power-on signal

This board indicates the end of the neutral section.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical signal (sign)
    Mechanical signal (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

Optional tags:

REV sign

This sign indicates the end of the neutral section for reversible trains or trains with multiple pantographs.

  • REV sign
    REV sign

Optional tags:

Pantograph down

Pantograph down advance signal

The pantograph down (French: Baissez panto) advance signal instructs the lowering of the train's pantograph(s) under specific circumstances:

  • Transition from 1500 V DC to 25 kV AC: Required when switching from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) power supply.
  • Between Two 25 kV Substations: Necessary due to phase shift, potentially creating voltage differences of up to 70 kV in case of opposite phases.
  • Phase Change: Used to redistribute the electrical load within the network.
  • Cross-border Areas: Needed when crossing borders where different electrical systems may be in operation.
  • Crossing Certain Structures: Specific structures may require the pantograph to be lowered for safety or operational reasons.

Optional tags:

Light box arrangement if the signal is displayed in a double or wide light box (single by default):

Pantograph down signal

This board indicates the point where pantographs must be lowered.

  • Mechanical signal (sign)
    Mechanical signal (sign)

Optional tags:

Pantograph up signal

This signal marks the end of the catenary section requiring pantographs to be lowered. Pantographs may be raised after passing the signal.

The signal may also indicate the catenary voltage and installation type. The presence of an installation type indicates a constant contact wire height and requires the pantograph stop to be set. When no installation type is indicated, the contact wire height is variable and the pantograph stop must be removed.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical signal (sign)
    Mechanical signal (sign)
  • Catenary supplied at 1500 V DC
    Catenary supplied at 1500 V DC
  • Catenary supplied at 25000 V AC, with constant height (LGV)
    Catenary supplied at 25000 V AC, with constant height (LGV)

Optional tags:

Bimode operation

This distant sign announces the approach of a non-electrified section for bi-mode trains only. It accompanies the pantograph down (Baissez panto) distant and execution signals when these signals apply exclusively to bi-mode trains. In this case, they are not followed by a Pantograph down end signal.

  • Bi-mode operation entry board
    Bi-mode operation entry board

Optional tags:


This distant sign announces the exit from a non-electrified section for bi-mode trains only. This sign accompanies the Pantograph down end signal when the signal applies exclusively to bi-mode trains. It is not preceded by the Baissez Panto (Pantograph Down) distant and execution signals.

  • Bi-mode operation exit board
    Bi-mode operation exit board

Catenary voltage

This board reminds the driver of the catenary voltage.

Optional tags:

End of catenary

Beyond this sign, the line is no longer electrified and only diesel or dual-mode trains can continue.

  • End of catenary
    End of catenary

Frost board

GIVRE (frost) boards are installed on some 1500 V DC electrified lines. When a driver encounters such an illuminated board, the second pantograph must be raised to improve current collection: the first pantograph clears ice from the catenary, improving contact for the second one.

The second pantograph is lowered when another frost board in the off state is encountered, after verbal authorization, or when no icing conditions are observed.

Distant stop signs

Stop signals and Stop signs may be preceded by their respective distant signs described below.

Carré distant signs

A distant sign announcing a Carré signal.

  • Carré distant sign
    Carré distant sign

Optional tags:

Intermediate signal distant signs

A distant sign announcing an intermediate signal (2TMV) installed on the right-hand side of the track at platform mid-point. The sign carries the identification of the announced signal.

  • Intermediate signal distant sign
    Intermediate signal distant sign

Optional tags:

GA distant signs

A distant sign announcing a Guidon d'Arrêt signal.

  • GA distant sign
    GA distant sign

Optional tags:

ARRÊT distant signs

A distant sign announcing an ARRÊT sign.

  • ARRÊT distant sign
    ARRÊT distant sign

ARRÊT pour Desserte distant signs

A distant sign announcing an ARRÊT pour Desserte sign.

  • ARRÊT distant sign for industrial sidings
    ARRÊT distant sign for industrial sidings

STOP distant signs

A distant sign announcing a STOP sign.

  • STOP distant sign
    STOP distant sign

Stops

Stop signs require the driver to bring the train to a complete stop before the sign. The exact procedure for resuming movement depends on the sign type (Arrêt, Stop or marker).

Arrêt signs

The driver must stop before the sign and wait for a verbal order before passing, if passing is required.

  • ARRÊT sign (horizontal arrangement)
    ARRÊT sign (horizontal arrangement)
  • ARRÊT sign (vertical arrangement)
    ARRÊT sign (vertical arrangement)

Optional tags:

Arrêt signs for high-speed trains

An Arrêt sign marking the stopping point for high-speed trainsets. This is a regulatory stop (Arrêt) that requires verbal authorization, unlike the passenger stop markers described in a later section.

The listed series indicate which trainsets the stop applies to; an optional composition restricts it to single or multiple units.

  • Arrêt board for TGV A and ETR trainsets
    Arrêt board for TGV A and ETR trainsets
  • Arrêt board for TGV R and TGV SE trainsets
    Arrêt board for TGV R and TGV SE trainsets
Trainsets
Value Definition
TGV_A TGV Atlantique
TGV_R TGV Réseau
TGV_SE TGV Sud-Est
ETR Italian high-speed train

Arrêt signs for specific movements

Some Arrêt signs are restricted to specific movements.

  • locomotives
    locomotives
  • shunting
    shunting
  • depot_movements
    depot_movements
  • industrial_siding
    industrial_siding
  • pushing
    pushing
  • worksite_trains
    worksite_trains

Stop signs

The driver must stop before the sign and may pass on their own initiative once stopped, if nothing prevents it.

  • STOP sign (horizontal arrangement)
    STOP sign (horizontal arrangement)
  • STOP sign (vertical arrangement)
    STOP sign (vertical arrangement)

Optional tags:

Red-and-white checkered stop marker

The Jalon d'arrêt à damier rouge et blanc (red-and-white checkered stop marker) is similar to the Carré signal; it commands an absolute stop before the point where it is placed and cannot be crossed.

  • Stop marker
    Stop marker

Passenger stops

Passenger stop signs apply to a category of train. The categories are nested, from the most general to the most specific, and a sign is tagged with the most specific category that applies to it:

  • any – any train, whatever its category (e.g. the length signs);
    • conventional – all trains except high-speed: locomotive-hauled trains, EMUs, and DMUs;
      • regional – regional EMUs (Z 57000 / Régio 2N);
      • suburban – suburban EMUs (Z 50000 / Francilien) and the RER length signs ;
    • highspeed – high-speed trains (TGV).

Passenger stops for any trains

L... sign

Stopping point for a train of the specified length, regardless of its type.

  • L110 - 110-metre train
    L110 - 110-metre train
  • L220 - 220-metre train
    L220 - 220-metre train
  • L200RBT - 200-metre train (in track, for reversing)
    L200RBT - 200-metre train (in track, for reversing)

Optional tags:

Passenger stops for conventional trains

TT signs

Stopping point for the head of the train (French: Tête de Train) of conventional trains, regardless of the number of vehicles. The variant is given by the key railway:signal:stop:conventional:for.

Trains equipped for driver-only operation are referred to as Équipé Agent Seul (EAS).

  • TT - Any conventional trains
    TT - Any conventional trains
  • TT EAS - Trains equipped for driver-only operation
    TT EAS - Trains equipped for driver-only operation
  • TTL - Trains with a locomotive
    TTL - Trains with a locomotive

Optional tags:

...V sign

Stopping point for a train composed of the number of vehicles indicated on the sign.

  • 5V - 5-vehicle trains
    5V - 5-vehicle trains
  • 10V - 10-vehicle trains
    10V - 10-vehicle trains
  • 5/6V - 5- to 6-vehicle trains
    5/6V - 5- to 6-vehicle trains
  • 5V 1/2t - 5-vehicle trains making a U-turn
    5V 1/2t - 5-vehicle trains making a U-turn

Optional tags:

Passenger stops for regional trains

Passenger stops for Z57000 series

Stopping point for Z 57000 (Régio 2N) units. The composition is given by the optional key railway:signal:stop:regional:for; for a multiple unit, the number of coupled units is given by railway:signal:stop:regional:unit_number (2 by default). Signs valid for any composition are mapped without railway:signal:stop:regional:for.

  • Z57 1 – Single-unit (US)
    Z57 1 – Single-unit (US)
  • Z57 2 – Two-unit (UM2)
    Z57 2 – Two-unit (UM2)
  • Z57 3 – Three-unit (UM3)
    Z57 3 – Three-unit (UM3)
  • Z57 1-2 – Single-unit (US) or two-unit (UM2)
    Z57 1-2 – Single-unit (US) or two-unit (UM2)
  • Z57 2-3 – Two-unit (UM2) or three-unit (UM3)
    Z57 2-3 – Two-unit (UM2) or three-unit (UM3)
  • Z57-1 1/2t – Single-unit (US) making a U-turn
    Z57-1 1/2t – Single-unit (US) making a U-turn

Optional tags:

Passenger stops for suburban trains (RER)

Passenger stops for Z50000 series

Stopping point for Z 50000 (Francilien) units. The composition is given by the optional key railway:signal:stop:suburban:for; signs valid for any composition are mapped without it.

  • Z50-1 – Single-unit (US)
    Z50-1 – Single-unit (US)
  • Z50-2 – Two-unit (UM)
    Z50-2 – Two-unit (UM)
  • Z50-1/2 – Any unit making a U-turn
    Z50-1/2 – Any unit making a U-turn

Optional tags:

Other stop signs for suburban trains

Stop signs used on suburban lines (RER) to indicate the stopping point according to the train-length category.

The alternative small form factor TL (Train Long) and TC (Train Court) signs are installed between the rails, and are mapped using the tag:

Passenger stops for wheelchair users

Additional sign, placed with a passenger stop, marking where the wheelchair-accessible door must stop to align with the platform access system. UFR stands for Utilisateurs de Fauteuil Roulant (wheelchair users).

  • UFR - Wheelchair users
    UFR - Wheelchair users

Passenger stops for high-speed trains

Stopping point for TGV trains. The composition is given by the optional key railway:signal:stop:highspeed:for; signs valid for any composition are mapped without it (TGV 1-2).

  • TGV 1 - Single unit
    TGV 1 - Single unit
  • TGV 2 - Multiple units
    TGV 2 - Multiple units
  • TGV 1-2 - Any composition
    TGV 1-2 - Any composition
  • TGV 2D - Duplex, multiple units
    TGV 2D - Duplex, multiple units
  • TGV 1 pour Rebroussement - Single unit, reversing
    TGV 1 pour Rebroussement - Single unit, reversing

Optional tags:

Stations and facilities

Stations

- The Gare sign indicates the approach to a facility where special regulations for stations apply. Typically, a downward-pointing chevron placed in front of the entry point marks the entrance to the facility.

  • GARE sign
    GARE sign


- This marker is placed at the track entrance in certain stations on single-track lines to remind drivers that exit signals are exceptionally installed on both sides of the passing tracks.

  • Exit signals on both side of tracks.
    Exit signals on both side of tracks.

Facilities

In this context, facility refers to any non-station railway site (French: établissement) such as a depot, yard, or technical installation.

- This sign marks the approach to certain railway facilities.

  • Approach marker for some facilities
    Approach marker for some facilities

Optional tags:


- This sign marks the approach to a facility on single-track lines with simplified signalling (VUSS), indicating that the upcoming points must not be passed at a speed exceeding 30 km/h (40 km/h on certain lines).

  • Facility approach
    Facility approach


- The boundary of certain facilities are marked by the diamond-shaped sign below:

  • Facility boundary sign
    Facility boundary sign


- POSTE sign

  • POSTE sign
    POSTE sign

TBD

Train departure

Reporting Plate

In general, the driver of a train stopped by a Carré, a Carré violet, or a Guidon d'arrêt must report to the signaller if the signal does not clear immediately.

If a signal is equipped with a telephone that is not located in its immediate vicinity, its location may be indicated by a reporting plate (Plaque de Reconnaissance in French).

  • Various arrangements of the plate
  • Reporting plate
    Reporting plate
  • Delayed reporting plate (delayed)
    Delayed reporting plate (delayed)
  • Reporting exemption plate (exempt)
    Reporting exemption plate (exempt)

Optional tags:

- Alternative types:

- If an arrow indicates the direction to the telephone:

- If the plate is equipped with a telephone call indicator (French: Voyant d'Appel Téléphonique, also known as VAT):

Note: Telephone call indicators (VAT) are no longer installed on lines equipped with GSM-R.

Departure request

Some Carré signals are equipped with a Demande de Départ (DD) plate. The driver waiting for departure must, one minute before the scheduled departure time or if they notice the corresponding Carré signal has opened, request departure authorization by telephone.

  • Demande de Départ (DD) plate
    Demande de Départ (DD) plate
Departure authorization

On certain tracks, authorization for departure may be given to the driver by a flashing half-white, half-green Signal Lumineux de Départ (SLD), also known as a Signal Lumineux d'Autorisation de Mouvement.

  • Signal Lumineux d'Autorisation de Mouvement
    Signal Lumineux d'Autorisation de Mouvement


Alternatively, departure authorization may be given simply by the opening of the corresponding Carré signal; these Carré signals are identified by a half-white, half-green plate.

  • half-white, half-green plate
    half-white, half-green plate


Dispositifs d'Aide à la Mise en Mouvement

Dispositifs d'Aide à la Mise en Mouvement (DAMM) are installed at stations where the exit signal is not directly visible to the driver from the train's normal departure point, for example because of a curved platform or other obstructions. The DAMM allows the driver to know when they may begin moving towards the exit signal in order to observe its aspect and receive the movement authority provided by the signal.

A DAMM is illuminated when the driver is authorized to begin moving and is unlit otherwise.

Répétiteur Lumineux d'Itinéraire

A Répétiteur Lumineux d'Itinéraire (RLI), a route light repeater, is a board providing route information to the staff member responsible for train departure.

  • Répétiteur Lumineux d'Itinéraire
    Répétiteur Lumineux d'Itinéraire

Optional tags:

Converging tracks

Chevron pointe en haut

Upward-pointing chevrons indicate either an exit from a junction of converging tracks or, in some stations, the point beyond which trains must not proceed when a stop is required.

  • Chevron pointe en haut (up)
    Chevron pointe en haut (up)

Tableau Lumineux de Correspondance

A Tableau Lumineux de Correspondance (TLC) for converging tracks is a signal installed to the left of the track it addresses and is normally off. At any given time, it can display one of the following:

- A white letter T, either fixed if the group signal is open or flashing, if the group signal is closed.

- The Signal Lumineux de Départ if applicable.

- A red and white checkerboard, which has the same meaning as the Jalon d'Arrêt and is used instead of the chevron.

  • The group signal is clear
    The group signal is clear
  • The group signal is at danger
    The group signal is at danger
  • Signal Lumineux de Départ
    Signal Lumineux de Départ
  • Stop marker
    Stop marker

Tableau Indicateur de Provenance

At the exit of some service track yards, a Tableau Indicateur de Provenance (TIP), a track indicator, complements the chevron. It can display any of the numbers designating each of the tracks. When the TIP displays a number, the driver on the corresponding track is allowed to cross the chevron. When the group signal is closed, the driver can advance to an agreed point, usually in preparation for a reversing movement.

  • Tableau Indicateur de Provenance
    Tableau Indicateur de Provenance

Service tracks and shunting

Signal Lumineux de Manœuvre

A Signal Lumineux de Manœuvre (SLM) is installed in some installations to facilitate shunting operations on main tracks (for example, pushing a train into a siding) or on service tracks. It consists of three white lights, which are normally unlit.

The SLM can display the following aspects:

  • Pull (Tirez): two white lights alternating on a vertical line.
  • Push back (Refoulez): two white lights alternating on a horizontal line.
  • Stop (Arrêtez): all lights extinguished.
  • Observe hand shunting signals (Observez les signaux à main de manœuvre): all three white lights lit simultaneously and steadily.

Several similar signals may be installed along the same track to mark the full extent of the shunting area. In such cases, they are numbered with Roman numerals in descending order (e.g. III, II, I), with SLM I being the closest to the switch and identifying the terminal signal of the shunting area.

Note: SLM are no longer installed on new installations due to the widespread availability of shunting radio, either permanently installed on shunting vehicles or provided as portable equipment on line locomotives.

  • Pull aspect
    Pull aspect
  • Push back aspect
    Push back aspect
  • Stop aspect
    Stop aspect
  • Observe hand shunting signals aspect
    Observe hand shunting signals aspect

Shunting boards

The D (Depot) board indicates that the train is directed towards depot tracks.

Optional tags:

Light box arrangement if the signal is displayed in a double light box (single by default):


The G (Garage) board indicates that the train is directed towards a service track.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical board (sign)
    Mechanical board (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

Optional tags:

Light box arrangement if the signal is displayed in a double light box (single by default):


The Heurtoir à xxx mètres board announces a buffer stop at the specified distance.

  • Buffer stop distant sign
    Buffer stop distant sign


The Imp (Impasse) board indicates that the train is directed towards a dead-end track.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical board (sign)
    Mechanical board (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

The SAS board indicates the route leading to a very short track section (SAS) bounded by Carré signals at both ends.

  • Various arrangements of the signal
  • Mechanical board (sign)
    Mechanical board (sign)
  • Light box (light)
    Light box (light)

Shunting signs

- The H sign (Heurtoir) marks the position of a buffer stop.

  • H sign
    H sign


- The LGR sign (Limite pour Garage par Refoulement) marks the limit for shunting movements by pushing.

  • LGR sign
    LGR sign


- The LM sign (Limite de Manœuvre) marks the general limit for shunting movements.

  • LM board
    LM board


- The MV sign (Marche à vue) authorizes shunting movements at restricted speed while being prepared to stop short of any obstruction.

  • MV sign
    MV sign


- Limit signs indicate the general limit of shunting movements. (TBD: replace with instruction boards using the caption tag?)

Servicing

Signs related to servicing facilities, such as rolling stock washing facilities.

Rolling stock washing facility

Washing facility distant signs
  • Washing facility distant sign
    Washing facility distant sign
  • Washing facility distant sign (small)
    Washing facility distant sign (small)

Optional tag:

Washing facility (L sign)
  • L sign
    L sign
Washing facility speed limit
  • Washing facility speed limit
    Washing facility speed limit

Level crossings

Most French level crossings are equipped with Automatic Light Signalling (SAL) (French: Signalisation Automatique Lumineuse et sonore), which warns road users using flashing red lights, audible alarms and, where fitted, barriers.

Depending on the installation, the warning sequence may be initiated automatically, manually by the train crew, or by a radio command transmitted by the train driver.

Level crossing announcement

This announcement sign informs the driver that they are approaching an unguarded level crossing where specific operating instructions apply.

  • Level crossing advance sign
    Level crossing advance sign
  • Level crossing advance sign with Radio sign
    Level crossing advance sign with Radio sign

When fitted with an additional Radio sign, it indicates that the approaching level crossing is operated by radio control. In this case, the following tag must also be specified:

Note: The Radio sign is not used where all level crossings on the line or track are radio-controlled.

Radio-controlled level crossing

This board, installed approximately 350 m before the level crossing, marks the location where the train driver must transmit a radio command that initiates the warning sequence.

  • Radio command sign
    Radio command sign

Level crossing ahead

This sign is placed immediately before the level crossing and identifies the crossing by its number. It also indicates how the crossing is operated.

  • Automatic mode (no white band): the warning sequence is initiated automatically by the approaching train.
  • Manual mode (white band): the warning sequence must be initiated by the train crew according to operating instructions.
  • Automatic level crossing sign
    Automatic level crossing sign
  • Manually operated level crossing sign (no)
    Manually operated level crossing sign (no)

If the level crossing is manually operated, the following tag must be specified:

Signal de Franchissement Conditionnel

Radio-controlled level crossings are additionally equipped with a Signal de Franchissement Conditionnel (SFC). This signal consists of one or two green lights, arranged vertically or horizontally, and installed close to or above the level crossing sign.

When illuminated, the SFC confirms that the level crossing has been activated successfully and is securely closed, authorizing the train to proceed without stopping at the PN sign. When unlit, it is equivalent to a stop indication.

  • Vertically arranged green lights
    Vertically arranged green lights
  • Horizontally arranged green lights
    Horizontally arranged green lights

Optional tags:

Clearance signs

This sign marks the approach to a permanent reduced clearance.

  • Reduced clearance sign
    Reduced clearance sign

It may be grouped with a sign indicating the number of upcoming tunnels.

  • Tunnel sign
    Tunnel sign

Optional tags:

Whistle

The S sign indicates locations where the driver must sound the horn, such as when approaching unguarded level crossings, entering tunnels, or passing through areas with reduced visibility.

  • S sign
    S sign
  • S sign with J plate (FR:J)
    S sign with J plate (FR:J)

Optional tags:

When a J plate is present below the S sign, it indicates that the whistling obligation applies only during daytime (between 07:00 and 20:00).

Snowplow

The snowplow lowering signal (type down) indicates where trains equipped with a snowplow must lower the equipment. The snowplow raising signal (type up) indicates where the equipment must be raised to avoid striking obstructions.

  • Snowplow lowering signal (down)
    Snowplow lowering signal (down)
  • Snowplow raising signal (up)
    Snowplow raising signal (up)

Border signals

Near the French–Swiss border, some railway signals belonging to the Swiss signalling system can be found on French territory while carrying SNCF Réseau identifiers. This section describes the main Swiss signals encountered in these border areas.

For more information about Swiss railway signalling, please see Tagging in Switzerland.

Main signal

Main signal without distant signal function (German: Hauptsignal ohne Vorsignalfunktion)

  • Main signal
    Main signal

Distant signal

Distant signal (German: Vorsignal)

  • Distant signal
    Distant signal

Group signal

Group signal stop board with departure track indicators (German: Gruppensignal-Halttafel mit Fahrbegrifftafeln)

  • Group signal indicator
    Group signal indicator

Evacuation signal

Evacuation signal (German: Räumungssignal)

  • Evacuation signal
    Evacuation signal

Shunting stop board

Shunting stop board (German: Rangierhalttafel)

  • Shunting stop board
    Shunting stop board

Sources


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