National Hydrography Dataset

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The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a United States-wide hydrography dataset produced by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). This dataset includes lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, and other features related to water such as dams. As a product of the US Government, the dataset is in the public domain. Due to this and the general high quality of the data, it is suitable for import into OpenStreetMap. This page details the process, progress, and mapping as the dataset is imported.

A description of the dataset can be found here on the NHD website.

Contents

Process

Information icon4.svg
 Note: There is an effort (as of June 2011) organized by Ben Supnik, a X-Plane developer, to pre-process all NHD data to enable contributors to more easily merge this data into the OSM database. Read more about it in these mailing list conversations: NHD data extract (2011/04/26), NHD data import question (2011/04/27), NHD import and conversion - sample data (2011/04/28).


Please try to limit duplicate nodes/ways in your uploads. One solution is to alter scripts so that they make one file per feature class (by making large numbers of points per file) (waterbody, area, etc.) per subbasin. Merge these files in Josm and then remove duplicate nodes. This also provides an opportunity to check whether any features have been previously uploaded. Large files, which take along time to merge in JOSM, can also be merged together with Osmosis. Once you have the merged file, you can upload from JOSM as it will automatically split these large files into appropriately sized changesets.

Get the data

Geo Extract Options

Obtain High Resolution Shapefiles from the NHD web site by using the NHD Geodatabase Viewer or go to the NHD Geodatabase, which has a simpler interface. Read the "How to extract" instruction on the left, pop-ups must be enabled for the site.

Note: Some NHD items will appear in multiple adjacent sub-basin extracts. If possible, either load in an editor and preview for river bodies extending outside the map line, or test for duplicate NHD:ComID values in separate uploads.

Python

Python scripts for converting the shape files can be found at http://svn.openstreetmap.org/applications/utils/import/nhd2osm/

  • I've had difficulty getting the NHD Area one to run, when ignored features are present. It looks like a comparison should be changed from 
    if l.GetNextFeature() == None:
    to 
    if l.GetNextFeature() is None:

Java

Here is a sample rules file to use with the Java Shp-to-osm.jar script based on the defined. NHD Rules

Projection

Default projection is 4269: NAD83

Attribute to tag mapping

Contained below are some possible mapping schemes, that is what OSM tags to assign to an object based on the attributes of the object in the original Shapefile. Note that there is no one unified scheme, and it can differ from one area to the next.

Mapping 1: Mapping

This may be the oldest mapping, and should be deprecated?

All Geometry
SHP Key OSM Tag(s) Description
ComID nhd-shp:com_id Common ID. Unique to all of NHD data.
FDate nhd-shp:fdate Capture date.
ReachCode nhd-shp:reach_code Reach (section) code.
GNIS_ID gnis:id USGS Geographic Names Information System feature identifier.
GNIS_NAME name USGS Geographic Names Information System name.
Elevation ele=* Feature elevation. Not used very often.

The NHD data comes in shapefiles, but most information is built into the single "FCode" field. The following describes a possible mapping.


Flowline (NHDFlowline.shp, LineString)
FType FCode OSM Tag(s) Description
ArtificialPath 55800 name=*, waterway=river Artificial paths are usually used to indicate the centerlines for rivers that are wide enough to designate with an multipolygon.
CanalDitch 33600 waterway=ditch; some may need to be hand-edited to waterway=canal A canal or ditch (usually with a concrete or earthen surround).
Connector 33400 waterway=stream "A known, but nonspecific connection between two nonadjacent network segments" [1]
StreamRiver 46003 waterway=stream intermittent=yes Intermittent streams.
StreamRiver 46006 waterway=stream Permanent/perennial streams or rivers.


Areas (NHDArea.shp, MultiPolygon)
FType FCode OSM Tag(s) Description
StreamRiver 46006 waterway=riverbank The polygon riverbank for a river that should be drawn wider than a line. This polygon will surround a line of code 55800 with the river's name.


Water Bodies (NHDWaterbody.shp, MultiPolygon)
FType FCode OSM Tag(s) Description
BayInlet 31200 natural=bay, might need to be natural=coastline Bay or inlet.
LakePond 39001 natural=water, occurrence:intermittent?? Intermittently visible lake/pond.
LakePond 39004 natural=water More permanently visible lake/pond.
Reservoir 43612 man_made=wastewater_plant Sewage treatment pond.
SwampMarsh 46600 natural=wetland A generic swamp/marsh area.

(See http://nhd.usgs.gov/chapter1/index.html#_Toc435603829)

Mapping 2: Proposed Tags for all NHD keys

Some of the fcodes have been changed from the version on this list. For details, see: [2]

FCODE Feature Type OSM Tag Description
30200 ANCHORAGE waterway=dock feature type only: no attributes
30201 ANCHORAGE waterway=dock Anchorage Type|explosives isolation
30202 ANCHORAGE waterway=dock Anchorage Type|quarantine
30203 ANCHORAGE waterway=dock Anchorage Type|seaplane
30700 AREA TO BE SUBMERGED NONE feature type only: no attributes
31200 BAY/INLET natural=bay feature type only: no attributes
31800 BRIDGE feature type only: no attributes
33400 CONNECTOR feature type only: no attributes
33600 CANAL/DITCH waterway=canal feature type only: no attributes
33601 CANAL/DITCH waterway=canal Canal/Ditch Type|aqueduct
33602 CANAL/DITCH waterway=canal Canal/Ditch Type|unspecified
34000 CREVASSE FIELD NONE feature type only: no attributes
34300 DAM/WEIR waterway=dam feature type only: no attributes
34301 DAM/WEIR waterway=dam Construction Material|earthen; Operational Status|operational
34302 DAM/WEIR waterway=dam Construction Material|earthen; Operational Status|under construction
34303 DAM/WEIR waterway=dam Construction Material|nonearthen; Operational Status|operational
34304 DAM/WEIR waterway=dam Construction Material|nonearthen; Operational Status|under construction
36000 FISH LADDER NONE feature type only: no attributes
36100 PLAYA NONE feature type only: no attributes

[A flat area from which water evaporates]

36200 FLUME waterway=canal feature type only: no attributes
36400 FORESHORE water=tidal feature type only: no attributes
36600 FUMAROLE NONE feature type only: no attributes
36700 GAGING STATION NONE feature type only: no attributes
36900 GATE waterway=lock_gate feature type only: no attributes
36901 GATE waterway=lock_gate Gate Type|drydock
36902 GATE waterway=lock_gate Gate Type|floodgate
36903 GATE waterway=lock_gate Gate Type|lock
36904 GATE waterway=lock_gate Gate Type|tidegate
36905 GATE waterway=lock_gate Gate Type|unspecified
37000 GEYSER natural=spring feature type only: no attributes
37300 HAZARD ZONE NONE feature type only: no attributes
37301 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|unspecified
37302 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|crib area
37303 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|foul ground
37304 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|mine danger area
37305 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|piling area
37306 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|platform area
37307 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|reef area
37308 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|rock area
37309 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|shoal
37310 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|snag/stump area
37311 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|well area
37312 HAZARD ZONE NONE Hazard Zone Category|wreckage
37800 ICE MASS natural=glacier feature type only: no attributes
37801 ICE MASS natural=glacier Ice Mass Category|alpine glacier
37802 ICE MASS natural=glacier Ice Mass Category|continental glacier; Glaciation Category|ice shelf
37803 ICE MASS natural=glacier Ice Mass Category|continental glacier; Glaciation Category|inland ice sheet
37804 ICE MASS natural=glacier Ice Mass Category|pack ice
37805 ICE MASS natural=glacier Ice Mass Category|snowfield
37806 ICE MASS natural=glacier Ice Mass Category|unspecified
39000 LAKE/POND natural=water feature type only: no attributes
39001 LAKE/POND natural=water water=intermittent Hydrographic Category|intermittent; Water Characteristics|salt
39002 LAKE/POND natural=water water=intermittent Hydrographic Category|intermittent; Water Characteristics|unspecified
39003 LAKE/POND natural=water Hydrographic Category|perennial; Water Characteristics|salt
39004 LAKE/POND natural=water Hydrographic Category|perennial; Water Characteristics|unspecified
39800 LOCK CHAMBER lock=yes feature type only: no attributes
40300 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? feature type only: no attributes
40301 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|controlled; Inundation Area Type|debris basin
40302 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|controlled; Inundation Area Type|dewatering area
40303 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|controlled; Inundation Area Type|duck pond
40304 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|controlled; Inundation Area Type|general case
40305 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|controlled; Inundation Area Type|percolation basin
40306 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|controlled; Inundation Area Type|retarding basin
40307 INUNDATION AREA landuse=basin? Inundation Control Status|not controlled
40900 MUD POT NONE feature type only: no attributes
41100 NONEARTHERN SHORE NONE feature type only: no attributes
42200 POST NONE feature type only: no attributes
42201 POST NONE Post Type|dolphin
42202 POST NONE Post Type|piling
42800 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline feature type only: no attributes
42801 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=overground Product|water; Pipeline Type|aqueduct; Relationship to Surface|at or near
42802 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=aboveground bridge=aqueduct Product|water; Pipeline Type|aqueduct; Relationship to Surface|elevated
42803 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=underground Product|water; Pipeline Type|aqueduct; Relationship to Surface|underground
42804 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=underwater Product|water; Pipeline Type|aqueduct; Relationship to Surface|underwater
42805 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=overground Product|water; Pipeline Type|general case; Relationship to Surface|at or near
42806 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=aboveground bridge=aqueduct Product|water; Pipeline Type|general case; Relationship to Surface|elevated
42807 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=underground Product|water; Pipeline Type|general case; Relationship to Surface|underground
42808 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=underwater Product|water; Pipeline Type|general case; Relationship to Surface|underwater
42809 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=overground Product|water; Pipeline Type|penstock; Relationship to Surface|at or near
42810 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=aboveground bridge=aqueduct Product|water; Pipeline Type|penstock; Relationship to Surface|elevated
42811 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=underground Product|water; Pipeline Type|penstock; Relationship to Surface|underground
42812 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water location=underwater Product|water; Pipeline Type|penstock; Relationship to Surface|underwater
42813 PIPELINE man_made=pipeline type=water Product|water; Pipeline Type|siphon; Relationship to Surface|unspecified
43100 RAPIDS whitewater=rapids feature type only: no attributes
43400 REEF feature type only: no attributes
43600 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir feature type only: no attributes
43601 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|aquaculture; Construction Material|unspecified
43602 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|decorative pool; Construction Material|nonearthen
43603 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|decorative pool; Construction Material|unspecified
43604 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|disposal-tailings pond; Construction Material|earthen
43605 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|disposal-tailings pond; Construction Material|unspecified
43606 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|disposal-unspecified; Construction Material|unspecified
43607 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|evaporator; Construction Material|unspecified
43608 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|swimming pool; Construction Material|nonearthen
43609 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|treatment-cooling pond; Construction Material|unspecified
43610 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|treatment-filtration pond; Construction Material|unspecified
43611 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|treatment-settling pond; Construction Material|unspecified
43612 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|treatment-sewage treatment pond; Construction Material|unspecified
43613 RESERVOIR man_made=reservoir_covered Reservoir Type|water storage; Construction Material|nonearthen; Cover Status|covered; Hydrographic Category|unspecified
43614 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|water storage; Construction Material|earthen; Cover status|not covered; Hydrographic Category|intermittent
43615 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|water storage; Construction Material|earthen; Cover status|not covered; Hydrographic Category|perennial
43616 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|water storage; Construction Material|nonearthen; Cover status|not covered; Hydrographic Category|unspecified
43617 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|water storage; Construction Material|unspecified; Cover status|unspecified; Hydrographic Category|unspecified
43618 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|unspecified; Construction Material|earthen
43619 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|unspecified; Construction Material|nonearthen
43620 RESERVOIR landuse=reservoir Reservoir Type|unspecified; Construction Material|unspecified
44100 ROCK NONE feature type only: no attributes
44101 ROCK NONE Relationship to Surface|abovewater
44102 ROCK NONE Relationship to Surface|underwater
44500 SEA/OCEAN NONE feature type only: no attributes
44501 SEA/OCEAN NONE Sea/Ocean Category|reef pool
44502 SEA/OCEAN NONE Sea/Ocean Category|unspecified
45000 SINK/RISE NONE feature type only: no attributes
45200 SNAG/STUMP NONE feature type only: no attributes
45201 SNAG/STUMP NONE Snag/Stump Type|snag; Relationship to Surface|abovewater
45202 SNAG/STUMP NONE Snag/Stump Type|snag; Relationship to Surface|underwater
45203 SNAG/STUMP NONE Snag/Stump Type|stump; Relationship to Surface|abovewater
45204 SNAG/STUMP NONE Snag/Stump Type|stump; Relationship to Surface|underwater
45400 SPECIAL USE ZONE NONE feature type only: no attributes
45401 SPECIAL USE ZONE NONE Special Use Zone Type|dump site; Operational Status|operational
45402 SPECIAL USE ZONE NONE Special Use Zone Type|dump site; Operational Status|abandoned
45403 SPECIAL USE ZONE NONE Special Use Zone Type|spoil area; Operational Status|operational
45404 SPECIAL USE ZONE NONE Special Use Zone Type|spoil area; Operational Status|abandoned
45500 SPILLWAY NONE feature type only: no attributes
45800 SPRING/SEEP natural=spring feature type only: no attributes
45801 SPRING/SEEP natural=spring Water Characteristics|unspecified
45802 SPRING/SEEP natural=spring Water Characteristics|alkaline
45803 SPRING/SEEP natural=spring Water Characteristics|hot
45804 SPRING/SEEP natural=spring Water Characteristics|sulphur
46000 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream feature type only: no attributes
46001 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream Hydrographic Category|intermittent; Positional Accuracy|definite
46002 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream Hydrographic Category|intermittent; Positional Accuracy|indefinite
46003 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream Hydrographic Category|intermittent; Positional Accuracy|not applicable
46004 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream Hydrographic Category|perennial; Positional Accuracy|definite
46005 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream Hydrographic Category|perennial; Positional Accuracy|indefinite
46006 STREAM/RIVER waterway=stream Hydrographic Category|perennial; Positional Accuracy|not applicable
46100 SUBMERGED STREAM NONE feature type only: no attributes
46600 SWAMP/MARSH natural=wetland feature type only: no attributes
47800 TUNNEL NONE feature type only: no attributes
48100 UNDERPASS NONE feature type only: no attributes
48300 WALL NONE feature type only: no attributes
48301 WALL NONE Wall Type|general case
48302 WALL NONE Wall Type|sea
48400 WASH NONE feature type only: no attributes
48500 WATER INTAKE/OUTFLOW NONE feature type only: no attributes
48501 WATER INTAKE/OUTFLOW NONE Water Intake/Outflow Type|intake
48502 WATER INTAKE/OUTFLOW NONE Water Intake/Outflow Type|outflow
48700 WATERFALL waterway=waterfall feature type only: no attributes
48800 WELL NONE feature type only: no attributes
48801 WELL NONE Product|heat
48802 WELL NONE Product|water; Flow Status|flowing; Water Characteristics|unspecified
48803 WELL NONE Product|water; Flow Status|unspecified; Water Characteristics|alkaline
48804 WELL NONE Product|water; Flow Status|unspecified; Water Characteristics|hot
48805 WELL NONE Product|water; Flow Status|unspecified; Water Characteristics|sulphur
48806 WELL NONE Product|water; Flow Status|unspecified; Water Characteristics|unspecified
49200 WRECK NONE feature type only: no attributes
49201 WRECK NONE Relationship to Surface|abovewater; Abovewater Portion|hull and/or superstructure
49202 WRECK NONE Relationship to Surface|abovewater; Abovewater Portion|mast and/or funnel
49203 WRECK NONE Relationship to Surface|underwater
49300 ESTUARY NONE feature type only: no attributes
50300 SOUNDING DATUM LINE NONE feature type only: no attributes
50301 SOUNDING DATUM LINE NONE Positional Accuracy|approximate
50302 SOUNDING DATUM LINE NONE Positional Accuracy|definite
53300 SPECIAL USE ZONE LIMIT NONE feature type only: no attributes
53301 SPECIAL USE ZONE LIMIT NONE Positional Accuracy|definite
53302 SPECIAL USE ZONE LIMIT NONE Positional Accuracy|indefinite
53700 AREA OF COMPLEX CHANNELS NONE feature type only: no attributes
55800 ARTIFICIAL PATH NONE feature type only: no attributes

Mapping 3: NHD Rules

NHD Rules contains a more recent mapping (from May 2011).

Feature codes observed in the NHD

Frequency count of FCodes observed in a distributed sample set

Basins and per-basin sign-ups

HUC_2 regions

The following tables list the 347 basins in the lower-48, with links to the approximate center of the basins on The Map, and a column to sign up on a per-basin basis. Todo: how to handle partial-basin signups.


Interested

( Please consider using the new per-basin signups above ) 

 01090003 Blackstone; state(s): MA, RI
 01090002 Cape Cod; state(s): MA, RI 
 01090001 Charles; state(s): MA
 01080204 Chicopee; state(s): MA
 01070005 Concord; state(s): MA
 01080203 Deerfield; state(s): MA, VT
 01080207 Farmington; state(s): CT, MA
 01100005 Housatonic; state(s): CT, MA, NY
 02020003 Hudson-Hoosic; state(s): MA, NY, VT
 01080205 Lower Connecticut; state(s): CT, MA
 01070002 Merrimack; state(s): MA, NH
 01080201 Middle Connecticut; state(s): MA, NH, VT
 02020006 Middle Hudson; state(s): MA, NY
 01080202 Miller; state(s): MA, NH
 01090004 Narragansett; state(s): MA, RI
 01070004 Nashua; state(s): MA, NH
 01060003 Piscataqua-Salmon Falls; state(s): MA, ME, NH
 01100001 Quinebaug; state(s): CT, MA, RI
 01100002 Shetucket; state(s): CT, MA
 01080206 Westfield; state(s): CT, MA

 07100004 Middle Des Moines; state(s): IA
 07080105 South Skunk; state(s): IA (changesets 3853342, 3853348, 3853379, 3853398, 3853418, 3853482, 3853484, 3853485)
 07100008 Lake Red Rock; state(s): IA

 09020103 Otter Tail, MN (changesets 3856738)
 09020104 Upper Red. Minnesota, North Dakota (changesets 3845547, 3845566, 3845606, 3845671, 3845715)
 09020106 Buffalo, MN

 17100106 Willapa Bay; state(s): WA

 01100006
 01100005

 0602001

 08040301 (Finished)
 08040304 (Finished)
 11140207
 08080102
 08080203
 08080204
 12010005
 08080205
 12010004
 11140209
 11140206
 11140208
 08040303




Completed Basins

The following (sub)basins have been uploaded:

See also

External links

Retrieved from "http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/National_Hydrography_Dataset"
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