ES:Teselas

Este artículo es una traducción incompleta de Tiles: puede tener carencias, errores no corregidos o partes que todavía no han sido traducidas.
Si comprendes el artículo original en inglés, por favor, ayuda a completar esta traducción al español. Lee las instrucciones sobre cómo traducir este wiki.
Parece que nadie está trabajando en la traducción en este momento. Anímate y colabora en la tarea de traducción.

Tiles are rectangular slabs of ceramic affixed in a grid arrangement to your bathroom wall. For shops selling such ceramic tiles, see shop=tiles.

Here we are much more likely to be talking about map tiles:

• square bitmap graphics displayed in a grid arrangement to show a map
• We may also be talking about tiled map data.

This page includes lots of information and technical detail. If you want to use map tiles in your web page or application you can have a look at this tutorial about how to use OpenStreetMap tiles.

Graphical Map Tiles

Map tiles are typically 256×256 pixel images. e.g.:

this example tile

Tiles are not always in these dimensions; for example there could be 64×64 pixel images for mobile use, however 256×256 pixel images are a de facto standard. 515×512 pixel seems to be the usual size of high-resolution tiles.

A "tileset" typically includes enough tiles to form a very large image, if they were shown all at once, and also several zoom levels. Generally the idea is not to show them all at once, but to display a particular area of the map on a website. Normally this is done using a JavaScript map library to provide panning and zooming functionality, and request downloading of new tiles as necessary to show the user new areas of the map (a Slippy Map).

Using tiles

• Browsing#Layers explains the selection of tiles available for viewing on the openstreetmap.org homepage
• Mapnik – a popular tile renderer
• Kosmos Tile Map Server – windows tile renderer
• Tile usage policy
• Exporting calibrated maps list tools to have tiles compatible with specific embedding software
• Tiletool is a utility for map tile processing. It can generate lowzoom tiles combining higher zoom tiles, apply overlays over them and some other useful features.

Technical data

• Slippy map tilenames – calculate tilenames if you have coordinate
• Estimating Tile Disk Usage
• Tile water land status ([1]), index of which tiles are land, or water, on the OSM slippy map, this is a file available in SVN, in the png2tileinfo file.
• List of changed tiles, gets all tiles in a zoom level that have changed in the last 1h to 24h.

Development

• mod_tile Apache module that spawns processes to render mapnik tiles. See OSM-Dev mailing list "mod_tile / renderd issue" (May 2008)
• Tile cache, renders maps with mapnik/mapserver/WMS and cache them as tiles.
• OSM Mobile Binary Protocol, tiled OSM data (see also WhereAmI/OSM Binary Format and the Talk mailing list thread "mobile binary data" from 2008)

Servers

This is a list of online raster tile servers based on OpenStreetMap data. For the names of the physical servers that serve openstreetmap.org's map tiles, see Servers/tile.In the URLs provided ${X} and ${y} have to be replaced by the x and y Tile numbers and ${z} by the zoom level. Sometimes the $ is missing. In the URLS to Carto.com and some others there is also a {s} which should be replaced by the subdomain. Subdomains are used to help with browser parallel requests per domain limitation. These subdomains are typically single letters 'a', 'b' and 'c'. Refer to the provider documentation for details of available subdomains.

See also Servers/Tile CDN for description of tile servers maintained by OSM and how one may donate new server to it.

Base maps

Name	free/commercial	latency	IPv6	comment	tiles url	Tile example	source code
OpenStreetMap's Standard tile layer openstreetmap.org front page Tile usage policy compare	free, funded by donations	1 minutes - 1 day	sí		https://tile.openstreetmap.org/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto/
CyclOSM cyclosm.org Tile usage policy compare	free, funded by donations	~72 hours - 1 week			https://{s}.tile-cyclosm.openstreetmap.fr/[cyclosm|cyclosm-lite]/{z}/{x}/{y}.png		https://github.com/cyclosm/cyclosm-cartocss-style/
German fork of the Standard tile layer openstreetmap.de map usage policy compare	free, funded by donations	1 month+	sí	label in German and local language (transliterated where no name in Latin script is available), commercial and high-traffic use restricted	https://a.tile.openstreetmap.de/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tile.openstreetmap.de/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://c.tile.openstreetmap.de/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/giggls/openstreetmap-carto-de/
Geofabrik Standard OpenStreetMap Carto style (similar to www.openstretmap.org) compare	commercial, registration required, trial available	OSM data updated minutely	no	labels in local language
Geofabrik German openstreetmap.de map (German OpenStreetMap Carto fork) compare	commercial, registration required, trial available	OSM data updated minutely	no	labels in German and local language, non-Latin characters are transliterated
Geofabrik English OpenStreetMap Carto style (similar to www.openstretmap.org) but English labels	commercial, registration required, trial available	OSM data updated minutely	no	labels in English and local language, non-Latin characters are transliterated
Geofabrik Topo base map suitable for outdoor activities, with hillshade and contours compare	commercial, registration required, trial available	OSM data updated minutely	no	labels in English and local language, non-Latin characters are transliterated
API.Wikiocity Wikiocity map	commercial, registration required	~1 day	no	you need to register to use this, a free plan is available.	https://api.wikiocity.com/r/raster/{language}/{z}/{x}/{y}.png		https://github.com/wikiocity/wikiocity-styles
OpenCycleMap OpenCycleMap compare	commercial, registration required		no	you need to register to use this, a free plan is available.	https://tile.thunderforest.com/cycle/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		unavailable, this is a closed source project
Humanitarian map style Humanitarian focused OSM base layer Usage policy: https://www.openstreetmap.fr/fonds-de-carte/ compare	free, funded by donations	5 minutes - 1 day	sí	map style info. https and http/2 supported.	https://a.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/hotosm/HDM-CartoCSS
OSM France Priority given to French names and symbols (baguette instead of pretzel for bakery!). Special display for sport fields. Usage policy: https://www.openstreetmap.fr/fonds-de-carte/ compare	free, funded by donations	1 hour	sí	Fork of openstreetmap-carto. Some newer features are sometimes experimented and are discussed on the French OpenStreetmap mailing list. Guided tour of improved features. https and http/2 supported.	https://a.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://c.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/cquest/osmfr-cartocss map
wmflabs Hike & Bike Hiking map compare		~3 months	no	Out of service as of 1/2022. Using osmc:symbol=*	https://tiles.wmflabs.org/hikebike/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
wmflabs Hillshading shading compare		n/a	no	Out of service as of 1/2022.	https://tiles.wmflabs.org/hillshading/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
wmflabs OSM B&W mapnik map grayscale compare		~3 months [2]	no	Out of service as of 1/2022.	https://tiles.wmflabs.org/bw-mapnik/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
wmflabs OSM no labels mapnik map without labels compare		~3 months	no	Out of service as of 1/2022.	https://tiles.wmflabs.org/osm-no-labels/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Stamen Toner Black & White map compare	funded by donations	no data updates	no	Black&White, printing, uses Natural Earth at low zooms, retina tiles available variants available: toner, toner-hybrid, toner-labels, toner-lines, toner-background, toner-lite	https://stamen-tiles.a.ssl.fastly.net/toner/{z}/{x}/{y}.png		https://github.com/stamen/toner-carto
Stamen Watercolor Artistic map compare	funded by donations	no data updates	no	Watercolor	http://c.tile.stamen.com/watercolor/${z}/${x}/${y}.jpg
Transport Map Transport map compare	commercial, registration required		no	you need to register to use this, a free plan is available.	https://tile.thunderforest.com/transport/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Thunderforest Landscape Landscape map compare	commercial, registration required		no	you need to register to use this, a free plan is available	https://tile.thunderforest.com/landscape/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Thunderforest Outdoors Outdoors map compare	commercial, registration required		no	you need to register to use this, a free plan is available	https://tile.thunderforest.com/outdoors/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Öpnvkarte Transport map compare			sí		https://tile.memomaps.de/tilegen/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
MapTiler Streets Streets map compare	commercial, registration required		sí	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://api.maptiler.com/maps/streets/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
MapTiler Outdooor Outdoor map	commercial, registration required		sí	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://api.maptiler.com/maps/outdoor/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
MapTiler Pastel Pale map for overlaying own data	commercial, registration required		sí	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://api.maptiler.com/maps/pastel/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
MapTiler Basic Basic map compare	commercial, registration required		sí	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://api.maptiler.com/maps/basic/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
MapTiles English MapTiles with English labels	commercial, registration required	~ 2 weeks	no	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://maptiles.p.rapidapi.com/en/map/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
MapTiles French MapTiles with French labels	commercial, registration required	~ 2 weeks	no	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://maptiles.p.rapidapi.com/fr/map/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
MapTiles Spanish MapTiles with Spanish labels	commercial, registration required	~ 2 weeks	no	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://maptiles.p.rapidapi.com/es/map/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Carto Light ("Positron") general map Required attribution: "Map tiles by Carto, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL."	commercial, registration required, uses Natural Earth at low zooms, no_labels variant available		no		https://cartodb-basemaps-{s}.global.ssl.fastly.net/light_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Carto Dark ("Dark Matter") general map Required attribution: "Map tiles by Carto, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL."	commercial, registration required, uses Natural Earth at low zooms, no_labels variant available		no		https://cartodb-basemaps-{s}.global.ssl.fastly.net/dark_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
OpenTopoMap Topographical Map	free, see https://opentopomap.org/about#faq		no	Topographical Map	https://{a|b|c}.tile.opentopomap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png
Omniscale base map	commercial, registration required		no	coloured base map, greyscale version and coloured version with hillshading available
Retina Tiles OpenStreetMap-Carto styled retina tiles	commercial, registration required	~ 2 weeks	no	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://retina-tiles.p.rapidapi.com/local/osm{r}/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?rapidapi-key=XXX
Standard Tiles OpenStreetMap-Carto styled standard tiles	commercial, registration required	~ 2 weeks	no	you need to register to use this, a free tier for non-commercial use is available.	https://retina-tiles.p.rapidapi.com/local/osm/v1/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?rapidapi-key=XXX
Lima Labs Open carto Based map with Anglicized labels	commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available. Use free as the API key		sí	Out of service as of 1/2022. Labeled in English and local languages where possible/	https://cdn.lima-labs.com/{z}/{x}/{y}.png?free
Tracestrack Tiles OSM-Carto based retina maps	commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available.	1 week	no	Base map and 18 language labels	https://tile.tracestrack.com/base/{z}/{x}/{y}.png, https://tile.tracestrack.com/en-name/{z}/{x}/{y}.png, https://tile.tracestrack.com/_-name/{z}/{x}/{y}.png etc
Geoapify Map Tiles OSM-based map tiles	commercial, a free tier for low volume use is available. Registration required	Monthly updates after data checks	sí	OSM Carto, OSM Bright and variants, Klokantech Basic, Toner and variants, Positron and variants, Dark Matter and variants	https://maps.geoapify.com/v1/tile/osm-bright-smooth/{z}/{x}/{y}.png

Overlay tiles

Name	free/commercial	latency	IPv6	comment	tiles url	Tile example	source code
waymarkedtrails Hiking routes		1 day		Using osmc:symbol=*	https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/hiking/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
waymarkedtrails Cycling routes		1 day			https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/cycling/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
waymarkedtrails Riding routes		1 day		Horse riding, using osmc:symbol=*	https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/riding/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
OpenPtMap Transport map compare				Transport	http://www.openptmap.org/tiles/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/waymarkedtrails/waymarked-trails-site
OpenRailwayMap Railway infrastructure Usage policy compare	free, funded by donations, see policy			Railway infrastructure	https://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/OpenRailwayMap/OpenRailwayMap
OpenRailwayMap Railway maxspeeds Usage policy compare	free, funded by donations, see policy			Railway maxspeeds	https://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/OpenRailwayMap/OpenRailwayMap
OpenRailwayMap Railway signalling Usage policy	free, funded by donations, see policy			Railway signalling and train protection signals	https://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/${z}/${x}/${y}.png		https://github.com/OpenRailwayMap/OpenRailwayMap
OpenSeaMap Sea marks				Sea marks only, background transparent	http://tiles.openseamap.org/seamark/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Tracestrack Bus routes	commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available.	2 weeks		Bus routes only, background transparent	https://tile.tracestrack.com/bus-route/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Tracestrack Subway routes	commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available.	2 weeks		Subway routes only, background transparent	https://tile.tracestrack.com/subway-route/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Tracestrack Train routes	commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available.	2 weeks		Train routes only, background transparent	https://tile.tracestrack.com/train-route/${z}/${x}/${y}.png
Tracestrack Bicycle routes	commercial, a free tier for non-commercial or low volume use is available.	2 weeks		Bicycle lanes and routes, background transparent	https://tile.tracestrack.com/bicycle-route/${z}/${x}/${y}.png

Regional tile servers

Name	free or commercial	latency	IPv6	Region	tiles url	Tile example	source code
openstreetmap-carto rendering from SOSM standard usage policy	free, donated resources	1 hour	no	Switzerland	https://tile.osm.ch/switzerland/${z}/${x}/${y}.png	https://tile.osm.ch/switzerland/14/8544/5827.png	https://github.com/sosm/openstreetmap-carto
OSM-Swiss-Style link to the map usage policy	free, donated resources	1 hour	no	Switzerland	https://tile.osm.ch/osm-swiss-style/${z}/${x}/${y}.png	https://tile.osm.ch/osm-swiss-style/15/17062/11532.png	https://github.com/sosm/OSM-Swiss-Style

Also see for example map compare service at bbbike.org. Please obey the usage restrictions of each tile server if you use it heavily!

More webservices to display different OSM based tiles are mapstyle.petschge.de and Leaflet Provider Demo.

Notes:

Tiled map data

• QuadTiles, a scheme to make OSM database indexed by tiles
• OJW's tile data server, first implementation of a cacheable data server, that servs data in the same way as the tileserver.
• Tile data server, generic definition of how data served as tiles should work. (written by ojw as well...)

Links

• Switch2OSM, The Basics This page gives some introductory information on the tiles, licence and JavaScript libraries to display the tiles.