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Tiles are rectangular slabs of ceramic affixed in a grid arrangement to your bathroom wall. For shops selling such ceramic tiles, see shop=tiles.
Here we are much more likely to be talking about map tiles:
- square bitmap graphics displayed in a grid arrangement to show a map
- We may also be talking about tiled map data.
This page includes lots of information and technical detail. If you want to use map tiles in your web page or application you can have a look at this tutorial about how to use OpenStreetMap tiles.
Contents
Graphical Map Tiles
Map tiles are typically 256×256 pixel images. e.g.:
Tiles are not always in these dimensions; for example there could be 64×64 pixel images for mobile use, however 256×256 pixel images are a de facto standard. 515×512 pixel seems to be the usual size of high-resolution tiles.
A "tileset" typically includes enough tiles to form a very large image, if they were shown all at once, and also several zoom levels. Generally the idea is not to show them all at once, but to display a particular area of the map on a website. Normally this is done using a JavaScript map library to provide panning and zooming functionality, and request downloading of new tiles as necessary to show the user new areas of the map (a Slippy Map).
Using tiles
- Browsing#Layers explains the selection of tiles available for viewing on the openstreetmap.org homepage
- Mapnik – a popular tile renderer
- Kosmos Tile Map Server – windows tile renderer
- Tile usage policy
- Exporting calibrated maps list tools to have tiles compatible with specific embedding software
- Tiletool is a utility for map tile processing. It can generate lowzoom tiles combining higher zoom tiles, apply overlays over them and some other useful features.
Technical data
- Slippy map tilenames – calculate tilenames if you have coordinate
- Estimating Tile Disk Usage
- Tile water land status ([1]), index of which tiles are land, or water, on the OSM slippy map, this is a file available in SVN, in the png2tileinfo file.
- List of changed tiles, gets all tiles in a zoom level that have changed in the last 1h to 24h.
Development
- mod_tile Apache module that spawns processes to render mapnik tiles. See OSM-Dev mailing list "mod_tile / renderd issue" (May 2008)
- Tile cache, renders maps with mapnik/mapserver/WMS and cache them as tiles.
- OSM Mobile Binary Protocol, tiled OSM data (see also WhereAmI/OSM Binary Format and the Talk mailing list thread "mobile binary data" from 2008)
Servers
This is a list of online raster tile servers based on OpenStreetMap data. For the names of the physical servers that serve openstreetmap.org's map tiles, see Servers/tile.
| Name | type | covered | latency | comment | tiles url | Tile example | source code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OpenStreetMap's Standard tile layer openstreetmap.org front page Tile usage policy |
base | https://a.tile.openstreetmap.org/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://b.tile.openstreetmap.org/${z}/${x}/${y}.png https://c.tile.openstreetmap.org/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | https://tile.openstreetmap.org/7/63/42.png | https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto/ | |||
| Wikimedia Maps demo server https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Maps_Terms_of_Use |
base | Experimental | https://maps.wikimedia.org/osm-intl/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
https://github.com/kartotherian/kartotherian | ||
| OpenCycleMap OpenCycleMap compare |
base | global | http://tile.thunderforest.com/cycle/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
unavailable, this is a closed source project | ||
| Humanitarian map style Humanitarian focused OSM base layer compare |
base | map style info | http://a.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://b.tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
https://github.com/hotosm/HDM-CartoCSS | ||
| OSM France Priority given to French names and symbols (baguette instead of pretzel for bakery!). Special display for sport fields. compare |
base | world, up to z20 | Fork of openstreetmap-carto. Some newer features are sometimes experimented and are discussed on the French OpenStreetmap mailing list. Guided tour of improved features. | http://a.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://b.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://c.tile.openstreetmap.fr/osmfr/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | https://github.com/cquest/osmfr-cartocss map | ||
| OpenSkiMap Ski map |
overlay | http://tiles.skimap.org/openskimap/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | |||||
| OpenSeaMap Sea marks |
overlay | Sea marks only, background transparent | http://tiles.openseamap.org/seamark/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| waymarkedtrails Hiking routes |
overlay | 1D | Using osmc:symbol=* | https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/hiking/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| waymarkedtrails Cycling routes |
overlay | 1D | https://tile.waymarkedtrails.org/cycling/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| Hike & Bike Hiking map compare |
DE ? | Using osmc:symbol=* | http://toolserver.org/tiles/hikebike/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| Hillshading shading compare |
http://c.tiles.wmflabs.org/hillshading/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| OSM B&W mapnik map grayscale compare |
base | https://tiles.wmflabs.org/bw-mapnik/${z}/${x}/${y}.png or https://a.tiles.wmflabs.org/bw-mapnik/${z}/${x}/${y}.png + https://b.tiles.wmflabs.org/bw-mapnik/${z}/${x}/${y}.png + https://c.tiles.wmflabs.org/bw-mapnik/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| OSM no labels mapnik map without labels compare |
base | https://tiles.wmflabs.org/osm-no-labels/${z}/${x}/${y}.png or https://a.tiles.wmflabs.org/osm-no-labels/${z}/${x}/${y}.png + https://b.tiles.wmflabs.org/osm-no-labels/${z}/${x}/${y}.png + https://c.tiles.wmflabs.org/osm-no-labels/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| Stamen Toner Black & White map compare |
base | Black&White, printing, uses Natural Earth at low zooms, retina tiles available
variants available: toner, toner-hybrid, toner-labels, toner-lines, toner-background, toner-lite |
http://a.tile.stamen.com/toner/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
https://github.com/stamen/toner-carto | ||
| Stamen Watercolor Artistic map compare |
base | Watercolor | http://c.tile.stamen.com/watercolor/${z}/${x}/${y}.jpg | 
|
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| Transport Map Transport map compare |
base | global | http://tile.thunderforest.com/transport/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| Thunderforest Landscape Landscape map compare |
base | global | http://tile.thunderforest.com/landscape/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
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| Thunderforest Outdoors Outdoors map compare |
base | global | http://tile.thunderforest.com/outdoors/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| Öpnvkarte Transport map compare |
base | http://toolserver.org/~cmarqu/hill/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
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| OpenPtMap Transport map compare |
overlay | Transport | http://www.openptmap.org/tiles/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | 
|
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| OpenMapSurfer general map |
base | is a web map service with a couple of maps rendered with MapSurfer.NET | 
|
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| Carto Light ("Positron") general map Required attribution: "Map tiles by Carto, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL." |
base | unlimited use permitted, uses Natural Earth at low zooms, no_labels variant available | https://cartodb-basemaps-{s}.global.ssl.fastly.net/light_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png | ||||
| Carto Dark ("Dark Matter") general map Required attribution: "Map tiles by Carto, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL." |
base | unlimited use permitted, uses Natural Earth at low zooms, no_labels variant available | https://cartodb-basemaps-{s}.global.ssl.fastly.net/dark_all/{z}/{x}/{y}.png | 
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| OpenRailwayMap Railway infrastructure Usage policy compare |
overlay | Railway infrastructure | http://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/standard/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | ||||
| OpenRailwayMap Railway maxspeeds Usage policy compare |
overlay | Railway maxspeeds | http://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/maxspeed/${z}/${x}/${y}.png | ||||
| OpenRailwayMap Railway signalling Usage policy |
overlay | Railway signalling and train protection signals | http://a.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://b.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/${z}/${x}/${y}.png http://c.tiles.openrailwaymap.org/signals/${z}/${x}/${y}.png |
Also see for example map compare service at bbbike.org. Please obey the usage restrictions of each tile server if you use it heavily!
More webservices to display different OSM based tiles are mapstyle.petschge.de and Leaflet Provider Demo.
Notes:
Tiled map data
- QuadTiles, a scheme to make OSM database indexed by tiles
- OJW's tile data server, first implementation of a cacheable data server, that servs data in the same way as the tileserver.
- Tile data server, generic definition of how data served as tiles should work. (written by ojw as well...)
Links
- Switch2OSM, The Basics This page gives some introductory information on the tiles, licence and JavaScript libraries to display the tiles.
