Zh-hans:Key:smoothness
 smoothness
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| 说明 |
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根据路面的平整度，指定某条路径对轮式车辆的物理可通行性 
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| 组: properties |
| 用于这些元素 |
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| 常用组合 |
状态：已批准
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| 此标签的工具 |
smoothness 提供了一套关于路径对轮式车辆物理可通行性的分级方案，尤其涉及路面的平整度。所谓某类车辆可通行，是指该车辆能够通过这条路线而不会有严重的损坏风险（例如损坏车辆底盘或传动系统）或受伤风险（例如跌倒）。该标签可用于所有可行驶的路径和区域：highway=*、停车区域、海滩等。
该标签的目的是让导航软件开发者可以利用其中的信息，根据用户使用的车辆类型推荐最优路线。许多应用已经提供针对汽车、自行车、行人和公共交通的路径规划：如果它们还能为轮滑者、SUV、四驱车等提供路径规划，那就更好了？因此，作为制图者，当你使用该标签时，应当问自己：“如果他们的路径规划软件建议大多数人的轮滑鞋/公路车/跑车/普通乘用车/SUV/四驱车/拖拉机走这条路径，大多数人会满意吗？还是他们更愿意走另一条表面更平整、但长 30% 的替代路线（假定存在这样的路线）？”
取值
Smoothness
| Key | Value | Usable by | Description | Photo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
smoothness
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excellent
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As-new asphalt or concrete, smooth paving stones with seamless connections, etc. | .jpg)
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smoothness
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good
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(thin_wheels) racing bike, sport motorcycles and all below | Asphalt or concrete showing the first signs of wear, such as narrow (<1.5 cm) cracks, wider cracks filled up with tar, shallow dents in which rainwater may collect, etc. that may cause trouble for rollers but not for racing bikes. The best roads paved with bricks, sett, etc. also fall in this category. | 
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smoothness
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intermediate
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(wheels) city bike, sport cars, wheel chair, cruiser/touring motorcycles, Scooter and all below | Asphalt and equivalent that shows signs of maintenance such as patches of repaired pavement, wider cracks (>2 cm), etc. that may cause trouble for racing bikes. The pavement may contain potholes, but these are small, shallow (<3cm deep) and few so they are easily avoided, or the road shows damage due to subsidence (depressions of a scale >50 cm) or heavy traffic (shallow ruts in asphalt caused by trucks in summer). The quality of the surface starts to affect the speed of most passenger cars, so they will slow down to make the ride more comfortable (but still above 50% of the speed they would drive at if the road was smooth). The best unpaved but compacted roads fall in this category. | .jpg)
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smoothness
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bad
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(robust_wheels) trekking bike, normal cars, commuter/standard motorcycles, Rickshaw and all below | Heavily damaged paved roads that badly need maintenance: many potholes, some of them quite deep. The average speed of cars is less than 50% of what it would be on a smooth road. However, it isn’t so rough that ground clearance becomes a problem. A ground clearance of a normal passenger car (>14 cm) is sufficient. Good unpaved roads without risk of damage to normal passenger cars are also included here. |  
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smoothness
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very_bad
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(high_clearance) Car with high clearance, light-duty off road vehicles, adventure motorcycles (>180kg) | Unpaved roads with potholes and ruts, but still passable with an average SUV with a ground clearance of at least 18 cm.* | 
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smoothness
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horrible
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(off_road_wheels) heavy-duty off road vehicles, dual-sport motorcycles (< 180kg) and all below | Unpaved tracks with ruts, rocks etc that need a ground clearance of at least 21 cm (Toyota Landcruiser, Landrover, Lada Niva, bukhanka, etc.). Skid plate protection is advisable. | 
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smoothness
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very_horrible
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(specialized_off_road_wheels) tractor, ATV, tanks, Trial/Enduro motorcycles (<130kg), Mountain bike and all kind of off-highway vehicles (see also mtb:scale=*)
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Tracks with deep ruts and other obstacles that need a ground clearance of at least 24 cm. | 
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smoothness
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impassable
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No wheeled vehicle | Ways, often highway=path, that are not passable by any vehicles, not even mountain bikes or specialised off-road vehicles, but are recognisable in the landscape and may still be useful for hikers. Consider also lifecycle prefixes disused:*=* or abandoned:*=* if the way used to be a passable road but has deteriorated.
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Please note: Photos are examples ONLY! The smoothness of a way should be assessed solely based on whether the way is usable by the vehicles mentioned above. A user of a certain road or path is only interested in whether the road can be driven or not.
This table is a wiki template with a default description in English. Editable here.
平滑度的变化
道路的平滑度会沿其长度发生变化。如果一条道路某一部分状况良好，而后变差，则值得把道路拆开，并分别标注合适的平滑度标签。例如，一条通往山谷尽头的死路可能需要四驱车才能到达终点，但半山腰的一个漂亮湖泊却可以由普通汽车抵达，那么就在湖泊处把道路拆开，把前一段标注为 bad 或更好的等级，后一段标注为 horrible。但不要过度细分：如果一条整体“良好”的道路上只有一小段“中等”路段、带有几处修补铺面，多数公路车骑行者并不愿为此绕行，只需在糟糕路段小心通过即可，因此这样的道路应标注为 good。
道路的平滑度也可能沿其宽度方向变化。这类道路应按其中可通行部分的最佳状况来标注。例如一条未铺装道路虽有很深的车辙，但车辙一侧仍有足够空间，使普通汽车可以行驶、中间只隔一条车辙，那么它应标注为 smoothness=bad。
用法
该标签未在 www.openstreetmap.org 的渲染器中使用，但 OpenHikingMap 和 Motorcycle map of Romania 正在使用 "surface" 和 "smoothness" 来表现道路的真实状况。
在发展中国家，HDM 模型[[Humanitarian OSM Tags/smoothness|使用了 smoothness=* 的部分取值]]来帮助界定道路质量。
某些导航应用使用平滑度信息，根据用户使用的车辆类型推荐最优路线（例如公路车/城市自行车/山地车）。
如果在菜单中启用（Configure map - Details），OsmAnd 会显示平滑度和表面。此处是带有各平滑度和表面取值渲染效果的图例。
http://www.roads-bg.eu 使用 4 种颜色显示保加利亚路网的平滑度，分别对应 smoothness=excellent+smoothness=good（绿色）、smoothness=intermediate（黄色）、smoothness=bad（红色）和 smoothness=very_bad（深红色）。网站访问者可以为数据补充提出建议。
最初的争议
2008 年前后邮件列表上的讨论指出，社群中有一部分人不喜欢这个键，理由是它缺乏可验证性——参见 [1]，后续讨论见 [2]。与在 OSM 上的一贯做法一样，你可以自由地按你喜欢的方式使用这些键。关于该键的争议性质，详见 Talk:Accepted features/Smoothness。最初曾提出统一 surface=* 标注的方案，但这一思路后来被放弃。
后来人们尝试从所需车轮类型这一角度更清楚地定义该标签，并取得了成功，从而形成了你在上方看到的那张表。
参见
如果除路面平整度之外还有其他因素限制路径的可通行性，则最好直接标注这些因素，例如路径对某些车辆而言过陡时使用 incline=*，渡口太深时使用 ford=yes + depth=*，路径被倒木阻挡或被植物覆盖时使用 barrier=log/obstacle=vegetation。
tracktype=* 描述的是表面的坚固程度或维护状况，，与形状无关。
surface=* 描述的是表面材质，有时还包括材质结构。它有时暗示表面平滑度，但由于同样的表面材质/结构可能呈现各种形状，因此仍然建议同时添加 smoothness=*。
- Key:smoothness/Gallery — 更多平滑度示例
sac_scale=*— 按难度对山地区域的徒步步道分级mtb:scale=*— 适合速降山地骑行的路线难度分级方案mtb:scale:uphill=*— 上坡山地骑行的难度- 已批准的 smoothness 提案页 — 对该标签的进一步讨论
- Humanitarian OSM Tags/smoothness
- 关于 “Usable by”实际含义 的社群论坛讨论
- 通过内置加速度计（智能手机、平板等）监测道路表面质量的项目：