ES:Tag:boundary=protected_area
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 boundary = protected_area
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| Descripción |
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Se usa para indicar los límites de áreas protegidas, incluyendo parques nacionales, áreas naturales protegidas, áreas marinas protegidas, sitios patrimoniales y otras áreas similares. 
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| Grupo: Límites |
| Usado en estos elementos |
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| Requiere |
| Combinaciones útiles |
| Véase también |
Estado: de facto
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| Herramientas para esta etiqueta |
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boundary=protected_area se utiliza para marcar los límites de las áreas protegidas, incluidos los parques nacionales, espacios naturales, áreas de protección marina, lugares históricos y otras áreas similares.
- boundary=protected_area
- protect_class=1 to 99
- protection_title=...
Cómo mapear
- Para áreas protegidas de pequeño tamaño, dibuje una forma cerrada para definir el área.
- Las áreas protegidas más grandes o complejas se suelen mapear como relaciones con type=boundary. Algunos usuarios utilizan type=multipolygon en su lugar.
- Añada las etiquetas boundary=protected_area + protect_class=1 to 99 + protection_title=...
- Consulte la tabla siguiente para elegir correctamente la protect_class=*
- Añada el título o tipo de protección (como "Parque Nacional" o "Reserva de Fauna") en protection_title=...
- Añada el nombre local más utilizado para la zona en la etiqueta name=*
- Si hay un nombre oficial más largo, éste puede ser etiquetado con official_name=*
Clasificación
La naturaleza de la zona protegida se identifica mediante la etiqueta protect_class=1 to 99 que se divide en tres categorías:
- conservación de la naturaleza para ecosistemas complejos (1-9, 97-99),
- conservación de los recursos individuales importantes(11-19) y
- conservación social para recursos comunitarios y arquitectura (21-29).
The tables "Protect classes for various countries" below, provide guidance on the use of protect_class.
Área de protección de la Naturaleza
Naturaleza y paisaje protegidos en el contexto del ecosistema, incluyendo hábitos culturales promovidos. Cambiar a la tabla de países >>
| clase | descripción* | ejemplos |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1a Reserva natural estricta: Áreas estrictamente protegidas que están estrictamente controladas y limitadas. Pueden servir como áreas de referencia indispensables para la investigación científica y el monitoreo. 1b Área silvestre: Generalmente grandes áreas no modificadas o ligeramente modificadas, que conservan su carácter natural y su influencia dentro de la ausencia permanente o significativa de presencia humana ... Se pueden diferenciar mediante una etiqueta de zona adicional. |
1a: reserva natural Florarna en Suecia. 1b: reserva natural Bolshoi Arkticheskiy en la península de Taimyr en Siberia. |
| 2 | Parque nacional: Grandes áreas naturales o casi naturales reservadas para proteger procesos ecológicos a gran escala, ... | Yellowstone (EE. UU.), Mar de Frisia (Europa), ... |
| 3 | Monumento o elemento natural: Protege un monumento natural específico, que puede ser una forma de relieve, un monte submarino, una caverna submarina, una característica geológica como una cueva o incluso un elemento vivo como un bosque antiguo. Son generalmente áreas protegidas bastante pequeñas y a menudo tienen un alto valor para los visitantes. Importancia cultural y arqueológica. | Cataratas Victoria (África),... |
| 4 | Área de gestión de hábitat/especies: Destinadas a proteger especies o hábitats particulares, y la gestión refleja esta prioridad. Muchas áreas protegidas de Categoría IV necesitarán intervenciones activas y regulares... | Reservas naturales, Naturschutzgebiet,... |
| 5 | Paisaje/Marino protegido: Área donde la interacción entre las personas y la naturaleza a lo largo del tiempo ha producido un área de carácter distintivo con valor ecológico, biológico, cultural y escénico significativo: | protección del paisaje, parques naturales como "Lüneburger Heide", Harz,... |
| 6 | Área protegida con uso sostenible de los recursos naturales: Conserva ecosistemas y hábitats junto con valores culturales asociados y sistemas tradicionales de gestión de recursos naturales. Generalmente son áreas grandes, con la mayor parte en condiciones naturales, donde una proporción está bajo gestión sostenible de los recursos naturales y donde el uso no industrial de bajo nivel de los recursos naturales compatible con la conservación de la naturaleza se ve como uno de los principales objetivos del área. Para áreas pequeñas y protección de un solo valor, ver también áreas-protegidas por recursos: protect_class=11 a 19. | Área de Gestión de Vida Silvestre de Tonda (Papúa Nueva Guinea),... |
| 7 | Área de características naturales: Similar a la 4 pero sin nivel de la UICN. | Algunos hábitats están protegidos por ley local o distrital: áreas para proteger una especie, cobertura vegetal especial, sitio geológico,... |
| 97 | Espacio protegido por acuerdos continentales. A menudo cubren sitios ya protegidos por leyes nacionales. | Asia: Patrimonio de la ASEAN, Europa: Red Esmeralda del Consejo de Europa, "Natura 2000" (FFH, Áreas de aves), cinturón verde europeo,... |
| 98 | Espacio protegido por convenios interestatales o internacionales. A menudo cubren sitios ya protegidos por leyes nacionales. Un parque nacional transfronterizo con nivel de la UICN debería pertenecer a la categoría 2. | Convención del Patrimonio Mundial, Reserva UNESCO-MAB, Humedales de Importancia Internacional ("Ramsar"),... o la "Convención de Barcelona" por los estados ribereños del Mar Mediterráneo. Acuerdo sobre las Aves Acuáticas Migratorias de África y Eurasia (AEWA),... |
| 99 | Otros espacio continentales o internacionales. |
Recursos del área protegida
Protected areas with a focus on single natural resources, including human living space itself, because of an important natural material or characteristic. Mostly appointed on community level. Switch to the table of countries.
| class | description |
|---|---|
| 11 | soil: crop yield, erosion protection, ... |
| 12 | water: water protection area, fresh water, drinking water, springs, ... |
| 13 | climate and -air: gasper supply/cold air, ... for emission-, immission control in OSM existent, see "Low Emission Zone" (LEZ) |
| 14 | species: no fishing, protected for fishery, protected for hunting, plants, ... |
| 15 | location condition: floodwater retention area, protection forest, grazing land, ... |
| 16 | longtime hazard area: contamination, earth-moving area, "problem sites" ... |
| 19 | other national, not yet classified for ID 1 to 18, IUCN-level -999, ... . The indigenous areas with IUCN -999 should belong to ID 24. |
Ámbito social protegido
Important social interests. Visualize sociopolitical assets. Switch to the table of countries.
| class | description |
|---|---|
| 21 | Actividad ciudadana: zonas religiosas, áreas sagradas, espacios asociativos, ocio |
| 22 | Cultural assets (cultural assets and - efforts, districts historical heritage, monument conservation): protection of sites with special architecture or historic interest, designed and created intentionally by people: urban layout, buildings, landscape, gardens, art-goods, ... |
| 23 | Protection in favor of economics: special economic zones, ... |
| 24 | Political protection: reservation / indigenous area / aboriginal: self-governing communities with land + indigenous: in OSM existent, see "boundary=aboriginal_lands" state-boundaries: in OSM existent, see "boundary=administrative" |
| 25 | Military areas: military refuges, test area, ... with regard to contents this is correct, however in OSM existent, see "military=*" and Map_Features#Military |
| 26 | Historic: for colonial-era entities and protectorates. Otherwise like erstwhile-, former- or ancient-protected areas please better assign "cultural values" with value=22. |
| (27) | Public land: Public ground owned by Government entity (see discussion: it is no guaranty for protection, it is an owner-info for add.-tags!). |
| 29 | other social, not yet classified for ID 21 to 28. |
Claves adicionales
For background-information of the objects.
| key | value | description |
|---|---|---|
| protection_title=* | wildlife sanctuary, Zapovidnyk, National Park, Special Protected Area, World Heritage Convention, Aesthetic Forest, Heritage River, Indian Reserve, ... | Title or type of protection, not the proper name. The national designation, the formal title or type of protection (see level-table).
Important! Strongly recommended |
| name=* | proper name | the common name of the area |
| ref=* | <reference number> | Use the ref=* to hold an external ID number for the area |
| opening_hours=* | Dec 20-Jan 06 00:00-24:00 or "sunrise to sunset", etc. |
The dates or times when the protected area is open to the public |
| website=* | http://www.nameoftheasite.com | appropriate website for further information about the protected area |
| operator=* | The institution or individual which operates the protected area | |
| governance_type=* | government_managed / government / private / social_group | The governance describes the decision-making structure of a site. Also see operator=*, site_ownership=* |
| site_ownership=* | public, international, national, federal, province, state, regional, county, municipal, community, private | |
| related_law=* | Law 4/1994, BNatSchG: § 23, ... | The title of the edict or legal text which establishes or regulates the area. |
| start_date=* | yyyy-mm-dd | The date the protected area was created. Also see end_date=*. |
| protection_object=* | aborigine, art, cave, heritage, habitat, nature, recreation, soil, water, etc ... | The subject or object of the protected area, that is, the feature that is protected. |
| period=* | 1200-1500 or Late Middle Ages | to give the time when a historic area was being used. Use the name of the period or a range of years. |
| ethnic_group=* | the name of the ethnic (indigenous, aboriginal) group | Used in connection with political protection, protect_class=24 in Colombia |
Clases de protección para varios países
The tables below provide guidance on the use of protect_class in different countries. If your country is undocumented then refer to protectedplanet.net of the WDPA where you can search for it by its proper name. If there are no results, ask the appropriate (government) administration, use the talk page or your local mailing list for discussion and than add it below or add it to the "other"-levels. The following labeling is based upon the "IUCN Category" ... try to add ("harmonise") your country's protection-system to the table.
Áreas de protección de la Naturaleza
| protect_class=*= | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 97 | 98 | 99 | ||
 Australia
|
In Australia there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. Tagging should be based on data from (CAPAD)[1] | In Australia there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. Tagging should be based on data from (CAPAD)[2] | In Australia there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. Tagging should be based on data from (CAPAD)[3] | In Australia there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. Tagging should be based on data from (CAPAD)[4] | In Australia there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. Tagging should be based on data from (CAPAD)[5] | In Australia there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. Tagging should be based on data from (CAPAD)[6] | - | - | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, Ramsar-Wetlands,World Heritage Convention | other international, not yet classified | ||
 Austria
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In Austria there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category.
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Nationalpark | In Austria there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. | In Austria there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. | In Austria there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. | In Austria there is no general relationship between the title given to a protected area and its IUCN category. | - | Natura2000-Gebiet, Vogelschutzgebiet, Europaschutzgebiet | Biosphärenpark | - | ||
 Bolivia source
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- | Parque / National Park | Monumento Natural / Natural Monument | Santuario, Reservas de Vida Silvestre / Sanctuary (endemic flora & fauna), Wildlife Reserves | - | Área Natural de Manejo Integrado / Integrated Management Natural Area | Reserva Natural de Inmovilización / Natural Reserve of Immobilization | - | - | - | ||
 Brazil
|
Biological Reserve, State Ecological Station | National Park, State Park, State Marine Park | Wildlife Refuge | State Area of Outstanding Ecological Interest | State Environmental Protection Area | Extractive Reserve, National Forest, State Sustainable Development Reserve, Extractive Reserve, National Forest | - | - | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, Ramsar-Wetlands,World Heritage Convention | other international, not yet classified | ||
 Belgium  Flanders
|
1a: Natuurreservaat 1b: Wildernisgebied |
Nationaal park | Natuurmonument | Biotoop | Beschermd landschap | Ecosysteem | - | Vogelbroedplaats | - | -
| ||
Belgium  Wallonia Source
|
1a: Réserves naturelles domaniales (RND) et réserves naturelles agréées (RNA) intégrales | - | - | Réserves naturelles domaniales (RND) et réserves naturelles agréées (RNA) dirigées, cavités souterraines d'intérêt scientifique (CSIS), zone humide d'intérêt biologique (ZHIB) | Parc Naturel | Réserve forestière (RF) | - | - | - | - | ||
 Bulgaria
|
Резерват (Reserve) | Национален парк (National Park) | Природна забележителност (Natural Monument) | Поддържан резерват (Managed Nature Reserve) | Природен парк (Natural Park) | Защитена местност (Protected site) | - | Натура 2000 (EU Naturа 2000) | Биосферен резерват по програмата на ЮНЕСКО "Човекът и биосферата"(UNESCO-MAB) | Други неквалифицирани международни зони (other international, not yet classified) | ||
 Canada
|
Wilderness Area, Nature Conservancy of Canada Lands (Ia), Nature Reserve (Ia), Ecological Reserve (Ia), Special Place (Ia), Migratory Bird Sanctuary, Migratory Bird Refuge (Ia), | Provincial Park, Territorial Park, Migratory Bird Sanctuary, | National Historic Site, National Historic Park, Migratory Bird Sanctuary, -Refuge, | Wildlife Management Area, Migratory Bird Sanctuary, Eastern Habitat Joint Venture Lands, | Conservation Authority Area,Conservation Area, Recreation Site, | Faunal Habitat, Salmon River, Wildlife Habitat - Waterfowl Gathering Area, Community Pasture, Migratory Bird Sanctuary, | Agreement Forest, Protective Forest, Operational Parks and Reserves, National Capital Commission Area, Recreation Site, Natural Area, Migratory Bird Sanctuary | - | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, Ramsar-Wetlands,World Heritage Convention | other international, not yet classified | ||
 China
|
National Nature Reserves | National Parks/National Geoparks/National Forest Parks/National Wetland Parks/National Desert Parks/National Water Parks/National Special Marine Protected Areas | National Closed Sandified Land Protected Areas/National Typical Earthquake Sites | National Domestic Animal Genetic Resources Conservation Areas/National Aquatic Germplasm Resources Conservation Areas/National Wood (Flower) Parks | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
 Colombia
|
- | National Park / Parques Nacionales Naturales (PNN) y Reservas Nacionales Naturales (RNN) | National Nature Monument / Área natural única | Protected Site ( Santuarios de Flora y Fauna | Regional Park /Parques Regionales Naturales (PRN) | Área de Reserva Forestal (ARF) | - | - | - | - | ||
 Croatia
|
Strict Reserve / Strogi rezervat | National Park / Nacionalni park | Special Reserve / Posebni rezervat | Nature park / Park prirode | Regional park /Regionalni park | Nature monument / Spomenik prirode | Significant landscape / Značajan krajobraz | - | - | - | ||
 Czech Republic
|
National Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve | National Park | National Nature Monument, Natural Monument | Protected Site | Protected Landscape Area | - | - | Natura 2000 | - | other international, not yet classified
| ||
 France
|
Réserve intégrale | Cœur de Parc national | Réserve naturelle nationale (si réserve géologique), Réserve naturelle régionale (si réserve géologique), sites classés et inscrits | Réserve naturelle nationale, Réserve naturelle régionale, Réserve biologique, Réserve nationale de chasse et faune sauvage, Sites du Conservatoire du Littoral | Aire d'adhésion de Parc national, Parc naturel régional, Parc naturel marin, Sites du Conservatoire du Littoral | Parc naturel marin | - | Natura 2000 | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, Ramsar-Wetlands,World Heritage Convention | - | ||
 Germany
|
- | Nationalpark | - | Naturschutzgebiet | Naturpark, Landschaftsschutzgebiet | - | Geschützer Biotop, -Landschaftsbestandteil, Naturdenkmal, Horstschutzgebiet, Waldschutzgebiete (Schon- und Bannwald), Gewässerschutz, ... | Natura 2000: Site of Community Interest (SCI), FFH-Gebiet (SAC), Vogelschutzgebiet (SPA), Emerald-Gebiete. European greenbelt, ... | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, Ramsar-Feuchtgebiete, Welterbe, ... | weitere internationale, noch nicht klassifiziert. | ||
 India
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National parks in India | Wildlife sanctuaries of India | ||||||||||
 Italy Parks.it |
- | Parco Nazionale, Parco Naturale Regionale, Area Naturale Marina | Monumento Naturale, Sito Archeologico | Riserva Naturale Statale/Regionale, Biotopo, Area Naturale Marina | Zona umida, Area Protetta, Oasi, Parco Urbano, ecc. | - | Natura 2000: Sito di Importanza Comunitaria (SIC), Zona di Protezione Speciale (ZPS), Zona Speciale di Conservazione (ZSC), Convenzione delle Alpi | Convenzione di Ramsar, UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, | ||||
 Panama
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(IUCN-Ib) Reserva Científica | Parque Nacional | Monumento Natural | Refugio de Vida Silvestre | Reserva Hidrológica; Paisaje Protegido; Área Natural Recreativa |
Reserva Forestal; Área de Recursos Manejados |
||||||
 Philippines
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Wilderness Area | National Park, Natural Park | Natural Monument | Bird Sanctuary, Wildlife Sanctuary | Protected Landscape, Protected Seascape, Protected Landscape and Seascape, Managed Resource Protected Area, Natural Biotic Area | Resource Reserve, Watershed Forest Reserve | - | ASEAN Heritage Parks | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, Ramsar-Wetlands, World Heritage Convention | other international, not yet classified | ||
 Portugal
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Parque Nacional,
Parque Natural |
Paisagem Protegida (*issued by National Authority),
Monumento Natural, Sítio Classificado |
Reserva Natural | Paisagem Protegida (*issued by Local/Regional Authority),
Paisagem Protegida Regional, Paisagem Protegida Local |
Área Protegida Privada | Natura 2000 | UNESCO-MAB,
Ramsar |
|||||
 Russia
|
Zapovednik | National Park | Nature Monument | Zakasnik | - | Ramsar-Wetlands, World Heritage Convention, UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve, ... | other international, not yet classified | |||||
 United Kingdom due to publishing restrictions, data not on the WDPA |
- | - | - | - | Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty | - | - | - | - | other international, not yet classified | ||
 the United States
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National Wilderness. 1A: Nature Conservancy Fee Land, Research Natural Area (USFS), Ecological Preserve or Natural Area, Research Natural Area (BLM), ... 1b: Wilderness Area, - (BLM), -(USFS), Wilderness Study Area (BLM), ... | National Park (NPS), State Marine Reserve, (State Park), ... | National Monument, Audubon Society Preserve or Sanctuary, State Marine Park, ... | National Wildlife Refuge, National Wildlife Refuge (FWS), Special Biological Areas (USFS), State Habitat Area, State Nature Preserve, State Waterfowl Production Area, State Wildlife Management Area, State Marine Conservation Area, State Marine Recreational Management Area | National Preserve. Area of Critical Environmental Concern (BLM), City Park, City Preserve or Natural Area, Conservancy Easement, Conservation/Natural Area, County Park, Local Land Trust Easement, Local Land Trust Preserve, National Forest (USFS), Nature Conservancy Fee Land, State Conservation Area or Park, State Ecological Reserve, State Heritage Preserve, State Managed Conservation Easements, State Natural Area, State Park, State Wild or Scenic River, Wild, Scenic & Recreation River (USFS), ... | National Forest, National Grassland. Waterfowl Production Area (FWS) | - | - | - | other international, not yet classified
| ||
 Slovakia
|
National Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve | National Park | National Nature Monument, Natural Monument | Protected Site | Protected Landscape Area | - | - | - | - | other international, not yet classified | ||
 Spain
|
Reservas Naturales Integrales | Parque Nacional | Monumento Natural,
Geoparque |
Reservas Naturales,
Área Marina Protegida, Sitio de Interés Científico, Reserva Natural Especial |
Parque Natural,
Paisaje Protegido, Áreas Naturales de Especial Interés |
Parque Rural, Parque Regional | Zonas de la Red Ecológica Europea Natura 2000 (LIC, ZEC, ZEPA y Hábitats de Interés Comunitario) | UNESCO-MAB Reservas de la Biosfera, Humedales Ramsar,World Heritage Convention |
| |||
 Ukraine
|
Nature Reserve, Zapovednik (Природний заповідник) | National Nature Park, National Park (Національний природний парк) | Natural Monument, Natural Nature Monument (Пам'ятка природи) | Zakaznyk (Заказник); Conservation Stow (Заповідне урочище) | Regional Landscape Park (Регіональний ландшафтний парк); Botanic Garden (Ботанічний сад); Dendrological Park (Дендрологічний парк); Zoological Park (Зоологічний парк); Park-monument of Landscape Art (Парк-пам'ятка садово-парковогомистецтва) | - | - | - | UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve (Біосферний заповідник); Ramsar-Wetlands (Водно-болотні угіддя міжнародного значення) | other international, not yet classified | ||
Recursos de áreas protegidas
| protect_class=*= | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 19 | |
| Australia
|
Water Catchment Protection Areas | other national, ... | ||||||
| Austria
|
- | Quellschutzgebiet, Wasserschutzgebiet | IG Luft | - | Bannwald | Altlast, Überschwemmungsgebiet, Hochwasserzone | - | |
| Belgium Flanders
|
Waterwinningsgebied | Jachtgebied | andere, niet geclassificeerd | |||||
| Canada
|
Game Preserve, ... | other national, ... | ||||||
| Germany
|
Bodenschutz | Trinkwasserschutz, Trinkwassergewinnung, Heilquellenschutz, ... | Kaltluftentstehung, Frischluftversorgung, Immissionsschutz-, ... | Angelverbot, Fischereischutzzone, Jagdschutzgebiet, ... | Retentionsraum, Schutzwald, Standort, | Kontaminationsfläche, Bodenbewegungsgebiet, ... | weitere, nicht klassifiziert | |
| Philippines
|
Game Refuge, Marine Reserve | other national | ||||||
| USA
|
State Forest | EPA Superfund site | ||||||
Ámbito social protegido
| protect_class=*= | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 (possibly being deprecated by boundary=aboriginal_lands) | 25 | 26 | 27* [7]) | 29 |
| Australia
|
monument conservation | other social | ||||||
| Austria
|
Kulturdenkmal, UNESCO-Kulturerbe | (Truppenübungsplatz, Kaserne, Fernmeldeanlage, Munitionslager) | ||||||
| Brazil
|
Indigenous Protected Areas | other social, ... | ||||||
| Colombia
|
- | - | - | Indigenous Protected Areas and Afro Colombian Protected Areas: Resguardos indígenas y Tierras de Comunidades Negras | - | - | - | - |
| Germany
|
Denkmalschutz | - | weitere sozial bestimmte | |||||
| Philippines
|
UNESCO Cultural Heritage Sites | Special Economic Zones | Ancestral Domains/Lands | other social | ||||
| Portugal
|
UNESCO World Heritage List,
MN - Monumento Nacional, MIP - Monumento de Interesse Público, SIP - Sítio de Interesse Público, IIP - Imóvel de Interesse Público, IIM - Imóvel de Interesse Municipal, IM - Interesse Municipal |
|||||||
| Spain
|
UNESCO Patrimonio de la Humanidad, Bien de Interés Cultural (BIC) | |||||||
 Switzerland
|
Kulturgüterschutz (KGS Swiss Inventory) | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| USA
|
monument conservation | Indigenous Protected Areas | (Federal) Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), federal public lands which are not (federal) US Department of Agriculture's US Forest Service (USFS), State Land Trust. | other social | ||||
Antecedentes
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) designed categories of nature conservation management, which communicate "intensities of engagement". On a technical view, the fact of protection doesn't fit with the surface or the objects of an area, it just looks for some structures for bordering (e.g. on initial areas, inhabitants may go on with their usual activities for a longer period of transition). 'Protection is no landuse', it is a political agreement. So, the already existing key "boundary" is a suitable key. As associated value, "protected_area" was newly established, because it is clear and emphasizes "the precaution" and "the limitation". Limitations don't emerge only by nature conservation. Further reasons are socio-political and include economic requests, for taking care of resources. Areas also might receive awards, which require a consideration. Those matters are also taken up here.
In order to allow the use of a familiar country-specific ordering system for easy handling (mapping and rendering) the multiplicity of "nomenclatures" was assigned to a few numbers of IDs ("protect_class"). Similarly managed or intended protected areas should use the same value. IDs are short and more friendly; it is easier to conflate an abstract code with "my" local name, than a foreign name ("Природна ..." = 3). The protectedplanet website by the IUCN allows us to determine many types of national nature-conservation areas.
So, the first 'class 1-9' mostly align with these IUCN-categories and cover the section nature-conservation (and that in a holistic view, inclusive culture aspects like special kinds of farming). But for the sake of independence, don't think of the classes as "coupled" with the IUCN categories. The '10s-block' signifies areas to conserve resources ("economic view") - the basic ones are soil and minerals, water, air, species and for some locations, certain features or facilities. The '20s-block' signifies socio-political interests. Finally the '90s-block' signifies awards and supra-regional, and global categories.
Protect_class 1 to 6 are from IUCN Protected Areas Categories System (2009). To associate the correct class, see the IUCN-database at protectedplanet.net, section "IUCN Category". The intention is for protect_class=* 1 to 6 fit with the IUCN-level I to VI, class 19 to IUCN -999. whereas protect_class 7 more correctly associates to additional sites which otherwise would go untagged. There are no protected areas for the United Kingdom in the WDPA (see WDPA-FAQ). Sites by international convention belong into protect_class 97 to 99.
Discusiones
Until 2010 there was a lack of fitting tags for the plurality of types of nature-reserves (e.g. in europe there are about 90). Only two types are used in OSM: nature reserve (leisure=nature_reserve) and nationalpark (boundary=national_park), moreover those are technically not equal. So lots of protected areas became tagged incorrectly.
Pay attention to the discussion-content, see:
You can keep buffer-areas or zones apart with additional 'site_zone-tag plus relation' (see polygon example graphic).
Véase también
... discussion about terms (International consistency)
- leisure=nature_reserve - Like a national park, a nature reserve is about protecting wildlife etc. The distinction is unclear and is under discussion, but some suggestions are: nature reserves are smaller areas than national parks, National parks are rather like administrative boundaries around large areas (and may in fact include cities) whereas nature reserves are more evident on-the-ground.
- Tag:boundary=aboriginal_lands, which may be in the process of deprecating boundary=protected_area + protect_class=24. There is some discussion at Talk:Proposed_features/Tag:boundary=aboriginal_lands. (The tag is Approved, it is no longer a Proposed feature).
- boundary=national_park legacy tag
- Proposed_features/Key:protected_area - Proposes some modifications
- Proposed_features/conservation another sub-category of the tag proposed on this page ?
Enlaces externos
- IUCN Protected Areas Categories System
- Wetlands of International Importance ("Ramsar")
- UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve
- UNESCO-liste of MAB-sites
- World Heritage Convention.
- ASEAN Heritage > Biodiversity Information ...
- Barcelona Convention Mediterranean Action Plan
- GIS Viewer Natura 2000 european Natura 2000-network areas
- Water Conservation Districts
- Planning Notes for Soil Protection
- Wikipedia, Soil_conservation
There are governments, keeping a habitat system:
- Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats priority habitat types of the "Annex I".
- Lower saxonys key (DE), for area-wide and selective mapping.
- Prior protected habitats, a mapping-example (pdf, 2 MB)
- Cultural landscape element infos by a planing-bureau.