Proposal:Harbour

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Harbour
Proposal status: Abandoned (inactive)
Proposed by: *
Details see Hafen and harbour

A harbour (also port, North American English Harbor) is a place where ships, boats, and barges can seek shelter from stormy weather. This article describes some of the many features associated with a harbour and the approach from the sea.

Sample harbour

Musterhafen.png
  1. Rock coast
  2. Natural jetty
  3. Stone coast
  4. Footbridge or raft
  5. Slipway
  6. Quay
  7. Bollard
  8. Gate
  9. Dry dock, tidal harbour
  10. Pier
  11. Anchorage
  12. Sandy beach
  13. Beach
  14. Stone jetty
  15. Harbour jetty with pier inside
  16. Harbour jetty with rock fill outside
  17. Coastline
  18. Harbour as a node


Mapping a harbour

The harbour node

de Hafen
en harbour, port
fr port
it porto
en_us harbor
nl haven

Every harbour should be marked with node tags to which all related properties are assigned as detailed below.

A large harbour will also have a area using landuse=harbour and this may also be divided into several harbour basins which many have their own names. If, in a large harbour, there are several harbour basins designated for a specified uses, then each harbour basin can be tagged with its own icon. Please only tag harbours with international or nationwide importance as main-harbours. Main-harbours are also shown in lower zoom levels.

The harbour basin is surrounded by jetties or piers but should not be tagged as a separate area of water. To contain that many properties a new namespace harbour: is used.

Name

The name=* should be the set to the official name for the harbour in the local language. An alternative name can be put in alt_name=*. Names in other languages can be put in name:de, name"en, name:fr etc.

name International spelling as shown in World Port Source.
Examples: "Lubeck", "Hongkong", "Copenhagen"
namenational National spelling in national lettering.
Examples: "Lübeck", "香港", "København"

Also:

Harbour area landuse=harbour
Marina area leisure=marina
Marine base military=naval_base
Boatyard waterway=boatyard
Construction dock waterway=dock


The harbour area

The harbour site (land area, not area of water ), mostly fenced or outlined by hedge, barrier or access restriction is tagged on land using landuse=harbour. It should include: dry anchorage, car parks, service buildings, dockyard, storages, container handling area, garages, sanitation, etc and also various associated facilities including: restaurant, clubhouse, supermarket, ship chandler, etc., as long it is inside of premises.

All fixed walls associated with a harbour should be mapped as being part of the natural=coastline or waterway=riverbank. These include external and internal harbour wall, wharfs, for every masonry pier and unfortified shores. Lighter elements, such as footbridges, rafts, landing-stages are deemed to be part of the sea rather than defining te edge of the sea.

The coastline can be divided into separate segments with appropriate tagging, a pier may, for example, have two different tags on either side.

natural=coastline 
+ material=*     ( concrete | masonry | boulder | tripode | steel | wood )
+ mooring=*      (Landing for …)
Harbour wall as coastline
Concrete material=concrete
Brickwork material=masonry
Boulders material=boulder
Tripode material=tripode
Steel wall material=steel
Wooden planks material=wood


Associated features

A harbour contains and has many associated features. Here are details of some of them:

Amenities

Harbour relevant facilities e.g.:

Breakwater

de Wellenbrecher
en groyne, breakwater
us
fr brise-lames

A breakwater is a solid or nearly solid structure used to reduce the power of the waves within a harbour or to reduce coastal erosion. A breakwater in OSM is defined as "stand alone" (no connection to the shore - if a wave protection building is connected to shore, see Groyne). It is not normally possible to to walk on a breakwater and that are not used to access moored boats. Use man_made=breakwater.

Dolphin

Dolphins marking out a mooring

A dolphin is structure made of wood, metal (sometimes with hard rubber covering) or concrete sticking out of shallow water which can either serve as markings of navigational channels to mark shoals or as an extended mooring for vessels to extend a pier. Proposed tagging for a mooring 'dolphin' is as a node with seamark:type=mooring ; seamark:mooring:category=dolphin

Entrance

The harbour entrance is how boats and ships enter the harbour. This is not explicitly tagged but is likely to have navigation bouy=*s nearby and may be formed from a combination of the natural=coastline and man_made=breakwaters.

Groyne

de Buhne
en groyne
us groin
fr épi

A groyne is a timber structure or a linear pile of rocks stretching across a beach a short distance into the sea to reduce erosion. These should be tagged with man_made=groyne.

Mooring

A mooring is a place where boats can be fastened to a fixed object such as a bollard, pier, quay or the seabed and should use mooring=*. Moorings may be alongside a man_made=pier, on a sea wall or as a floating mooring buoy=* attached to the seabed. The mooring tag should be added to the relevant feature. In the case of a sea wall then the natual=coastline itself can be used. Do however be very careful when doing anything to the coastline as it can cause difficulties if the coastline gets broken.

Mooring allowed mooring=yes
Ferry/regular service mooring=ferry
Round trip/cruise mooring=cruise
Mooring for guests mooring=guest
Declaration mooring=declaration
Mooring with sign occupied/vacant mooring=redgreen

If it is a permanent anchorage it can be complemented with the name of the vessel mooring:name=* respectively mooring:operator=* for the operator.

Pier

de Pier
en jetty
us
fr môle

A pier (also jetty, landing stage, footbridge) is a wooden or other solid structure on metal,wooden or concrete legs or floating which is used for the mooring, loading and unloading of vessels. Larger pier can include buildings and possibly amusement arcades all build on columns out over the sea. Piers should be tagged using man_made=pier. Use a linear way for narrower ones used to access boats and areas for larger piers with buildings. A floating=yes if the structure floats on the water

Quay

de Kai
en quay
us quay
fr quai
nl kade

A quay is a length of coast designed to allow vessels of some size to moor alongside the shore. In an industrial harbour a quay may have cranes and facilites to unload cargo. For passenger vessels it may have facilities for passengers to embark. A quay will normally be tagged as part of the coastline natural=coastline.

In a scheme analogous to man_made=pier, a quay may be modeled by tagging a section of the natural=coastline as man_made=quay.

Taginfo page for man_made=quay

Slipway

de Rampe, Slipanlage
en ramp, slipway, slope, ascent
us
fr rampe

A slipway is used to launch a vessel and consists of a ramp or a carriage on rails. It continues under water until the water depth is reasonable. Tag with leisure=slipway and optionally also operator=* and operating=* ( hand | car | cable_winch | travellift ). Further information:o Ship launching, boat lift, Travellift

Hand drive, carriage operating=hand
By car, boat trailer operating=car
Cable winch operating=cable_winch
Travellift operating=travellift

Pontoon

de Ponton
en pontoon
us
fr ponton ; barge

A pontoon is a huge anchored harbour facility or a moving swimming, sometimes self driving working platform.

-- Question: should we map moving things? I suggest we only do if in practice it does not move. What tagging should be used for this feature? PeterIto 00:12, 8 June 2011 (BST)

Routes

Ferry route

Mf way.png

Only permanent routes are mapped. They begin at the start harbour via stopover harbours to the harbour of destination. More than one route on a passage is connected between the junctions to one node.

Ferry route route=ferry
+ name=*

Preset "Harbour" for JOSM

For Editor JOSM we have comfortable preferences for editing all relevant objects in harbours. The preferences are very detailed; the user can edit the most important data like a checklist.

To use the "Harbour" preferences:

  1. start JOSM and press  key <F-12>
  2. click on the left side the  "coordinate grid" icon  (3rd icon from top: "Settings for the map projection and data interpretation.")
  3. click on the top on  "Tagging Presets" tab
  4. highlight in the lower window "Harbour", click  "Activate  and  "OK" 
    By doing this, the preferences "Harbour" will be copied in the upper window.
  5. start JOSM again. The preference "Harbour" you will now find in JOSM-menu under "Preferences".

Other resources

World Port Index

The World Port Index contains 4300 harbours in 400 regions. Every harbour has a 5-digit number as index. NGA World Port Index.

See also