JA:空路
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 地物 : 空路
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| 説明 |
| 空港、滑走路、ヘリパッド、ターミナルビルなど航空に関する地上のインフラを記述します。 |
| グループ |
| タグ |
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aeroway=aerodrome |
このページは OpenStreetMap で空港や空港関係のマッピングについての概要を紹介します。タグの詳細な一覧は、 aeroway=* を参照してください。
Most aviation activity is centred on aerodromes (or airports); these facilities are tagged with aeroway=*. The most well known examples are huge international airports with multiple runways, terminal buildings with large retail areas, and a lot of (non-aviation) public transport links, but these tags apply just as well to small private grass strips.
マッピング方法
Like most things in OSM, you can start with a node tagged only with aeroway=aerodrome and name=*, and add more detail over time. The most common elements are the aerodrome tag, runways, taxiways, aprons, terminal buildings, and often hangars. These are sometimes tied together with a site relation. More tags below.
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Disclaimer of liability: While great care is often taken adding information to OpenStreetMap, the information should not be used for purposes where errors or omissions could lead to damage, injury, or loss of life. |
| 項目 | タグ | 解説 |
|---|---|---|
| 飛行場 | aeroway=aerodrome   aerodrome=* name=* iata=*/icao=* |
航空管制が行われる場所です。この用語は国際、私有、軍用、その他を問わず、飛行場、空港、軍用飛行場、着陸場を含みます。任意で aerodrome=* を空港の種類を分類するために使うことができます。他のよくあるタグには、 name=*、 iata=*/icao=* コード、 ele=* などがあります。 An aerodrome may include 0 or more runways, taxiways, hangars, aprons, terminals or helipads. A Heliport is a special type of aerodrome serving only helicopters. Aerodromes can be drawn as a node, area or a multipolygon. |
| ヘリポート | aeroway=heliport |
ヘリポートはヘリコプター専用の特殊な飛行場であり、 aeroway=heliport でタグ付けし、 aeroway=aerodrome で使われる適切なタグでタグ付けしてください。 May include 0 or more helipads, taxiways, hangars, aprons or terminals. Not the same as aeroway=helipad (an area, on an aerodrome or heliport, used for the landing or takeoff of helicopters) |
| 滑走路 | aeroway=runway surface=* width=* |
The area of an aerodrome used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft. ref=* indicates the runway designator (e.g. 03L/21R). Other common tags include surface=* and width=*. Drawn as a way; area mapping is becoming more common but is disupted; (see discussion here and here). Optional Lifecycle tags may apply. |
| Helipad | aeroway=helipad surface=* |
An area used for the landing or takeoff of helicopters. May be found at a Heliport, Aerodrome, or as a standalone facility. Common tags include name=*, ref=* and surface=*. Drawn as a node or area. |
| Taxiway | aeroway=taxiway surface=* width=* |
Taxiways are paths connecting various parts of an airport so that aircraft may move between them. Usually labeled alphabetically (e.g. A; or Q1, Q2, Q3); use ref=*. Other common tags include surface=* and width=*. Drawn as a way; like runways, area mapping is disputed (see discussion here and here). Optional Lifecycle tags may apply. |
| Holding position | aeroway=holding_position |
Holding positions are tagged on nodes along a taxiway, or runway to indicate locations at which aircraft may be required to stop, typically in order to remain safely clear of an intersecting runway or taxiway. |
| Apron | aeroway=apron surface=* |
Areas were aircraft are parked or are serviced. Usually named either alphabetically (e.g. "Alpha") or by purpose (e.g. "Cargo Apron"). Common tags include name=* and surface=*. May contain parking positions, taxiways, and helipads. Drawn as an area. |
| Aircraft Parking | aeroway=parking_position |
A location (usually on an apron) at which an aircraft may park. Name and location doesn't necessarliy correspond with aeroway=gate. Drawn as a node. |
| Gate | aeroway=gate ref=* |
Location, usually inside a terminal building where passangers go to board/disembark an aircraft. Not the same as aeroway=parking_position. Common tags include ref=*. Drawn as a node. |
| Terminal | aeroway=terminal |
Building used for the prcessing of passengers and cargo. Implies building=yes; entrance may be tagged with building=entrance. Common tags include name=*. Often contain shops, other amenities, and links to other public transport systems. Usually associated with one or more gates. Drawn as an area. |
| Hangar | aeroway=hangar |
Buildings where aircraft are stored or repaired. Implies building=yes. Drawn as an area. |
| Grass | landuse=grass |
Areas of grass that aren't part of something else. Combinations of aeroway=*, surface=grass may be more appropriate, but only if the area has a specific function. |
| Navigation aid | airmark=beacon | Use airmark=beacon on nodes representing navigation aids such as VORs, ILS and NDBs. |
| ビーコン | man_made=beacon | 導灯を示すには man_made=beacon ノードを使用してください。 |
| Papi/Vasi | aeroway=papi aeroway=vasi |
A visual landing aid consisting of a number of lights; shows pilots whether they're approaching a runway at the correct angle. Drawn as a node. See also  PAPI or VASI.
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| 吹流し | aeroway=windsock lit=* |
Shows wind direction; consists of a (fabric) cone mounted on top of a mast. May be lit (lit=yes). Drawn as a node. |
| Public Parking | amenity=parking | Many aerodromes also include various forms of parking, mapped as areas tagged with amenity=parking. Multistorey Car Parks should be mapped as areas tagged as amenity=parking and parking=multi-storey. Provide an identifier or name using ref=*. |
| Service road | highway=service | Mark internal service roads as ways tagged with highway=service. Include access=private if the public are not able to use them. |
| Tower | man_made=tower | Map any control towers using man_made=tower and service=aircraft_control. (Proposal Only) |
Aerodromes often contain numerous amenities and transport links which can be mapped individually. Guidelines for each of the transport links can be found in their individual pages. Railway stations, Subways, Taxi Ranks, Bus Stations.
Some amenities often found in and around aerodromes can be found below;
- amenity=atm
- amenity=cafe
- amenity=fast_food
- highway=bus_stop
- railway=subway_entrance
- amenity=pub
- amenity=telephone
- sport=ultralight_aviation
Websites such as flightaware.com and skyvector.com are often helpful for finding ICAO codes. IATA codes can be obtained from the official IATA database (search by → location name).
Not for aeronautical use!
Main article: Aviation. The mission-critical nature of aviation means that data you find in OSM is not suitable for aeronautical use. Wiki-derived data is unlikely to pass strict certification requirements (not even for simple recreational flying). OSM data is generally very accurate, but it just might not be accurate enough for aviation.
That said, many will still find such information useful, so don’t stop contributing.
See discussion on uploading aviation tracks on help.openstreetmap.org, and Aviation for detailed reasoning
Don't map airspace
The regular on-the-ground rule of OSM applies. If it’s something tangible that you can point at (like a runway, helipad, or gate) then you can add it. If you can't do that (as with airspace, routes, and aeronautical waypoints) then you should leave it out; check out OpenAviationMap instead. Similarly, don’t upload your flight path traces, or draw air routes on the map: routes vary because of weather, time of day, amount of traffic, serviceability of facilities, and the number of ants in the coffee machine. Besides, they’ll probably annoy other mappers (the routes, and maybe the ants too).
Routes
There’s no method for mapping airline services between airports. This might be solved by using relations but airline schedules change regularly, so OSM might not be the best place to store such data.
Proposals
- Abandoned (inactive): Proposed features/Aerodrome (unified symbol set)
- aeroway=landing_light - for a light on the approach to the runway.
- There is an abandoned discussion about how the aeroway=* key should also be used for installations catering to model aircraft. See Proposed_features/Model's_Aerodrome.
- It was suggested ([1]) to use the proposed "importance" tag (international/national/regional/...) to distinguish international airports and personal airstrips. At this time there is no consensus on how airports should be classified. See the discussion page.
- aeroway=taxilane - taxilanes are used inside the parking area of planes and differ from taxiways like normal roads to motorways.
- amenity=check_in Point or area for tagging of check in.
- amenity=security_control Point or area for tagging of security control.
例
- Munich International Airport
- Chicago O'hare International Airport
- Heathrow International Airport (below)
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