Tag:highway=primary

highway = primary
Description
A highway linking large towns. In cities, a major arterial road.
Rendering in OSM Carto
Group: highways
Used on these elements
Useful combination
name=* / noname=yes ref=* lanes=* surface=*
Status: de facto
highway=primary $1% $1% $1% $1% More details at taginfo
Tools for this tag
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Use highway=primary to tag a major highway linking large towns, but which does not satisfy the performance requirements of a motorway and does not qualify to be trunk. Primary highways are generally well matched by the country road classification bylaws and assigned a ref=reference code.

In cities, primary is usually used to tag major arterial roads.

See the international highway classification equivalence for an overview of highway tagging principles among countries.

How to map

Select all ways which belong to the highway and tag them with highway=primary.

Tags used in combination

• name=Name of the highway
• ref=reference code for example, A 1
• old_ref=* - former number
• int_ref=* International reference number E.g. E 12
• lanes=* - Number of lanes
• maxspeed=Number indicates the maximum speed which is allowed
• minspeed=Number indicates the minimum speed which needs to be reached to use the highway
• oneway=yes - One-way street
• surface=* - Road surface
• lit=yes - Indicates whether a road is lit
• motorroad=yes - A highway with motorway-like traffic rules

Special situations

When a highway section runs over a bridge or through a tunnel, split the way from the rest of the road and tag it with one of:

• bridge=yes - if it goes over a street or waterway
• tunnel=yes - if it goes below a street or waterway

Roads with dual carriageways are mapped as two parallel lines, one per traffic direction, with oneway=yes and dual_carriageway=yes. In each direction, specify the number of traffic lanes with the lanes=* tag.

Route relations

In OSM, roads are divided into many sections (ways) which differ by tag values such as maxspeed=*, bridge=* or tunnel=*. Those sections should be added to a route relation that identifies them as a single legally defined route with common properties (typically ref=*, operator=*, name=*, from=*, to=*).

Road quality

Primary highways in developed countries are normally asphalt roads with at least one lane in each direction. The traffic for both directions is usually not separated by a central barrier. In less developed countries road quality may be far worse and may even include unpaved roads.

Who can use it

Primary highways are usually open to all motorised trafic, while non-motorised traffic may be subject to restrictions subject to local laws. See access=* for applicable limitations.

Official classification

National road number 90 in Poland, in 2010. At this point it was aspirational with ferry crossing for local traffic. A bridge was built later, and now the road has the full highway=primary role.

Official classification often matches the actual road importance, and therefore primary should be applied to roads designated as "primary", "1st order" or similar. However, it should not be followed blindly, since some route designations are aspirational. For example, a road leading only to a closed border crossing or toward a future bridge may be classified high in the official national network, but currently has no important role. Such roads should be assigned a lower importance, such as tertiary or unclassified.

Note that OSM maps world as it exists now, while official road classification may be structured in some way for budgeting and symbolic reasons - for example unpaved dirt road may be classified highly as large road is planned there and it qualifies for government funding to construct it. That does not mean that we should map this dirt road as primary just because it is highly classed, maybe actual main connection currently goes elsewhere. Some roads may be highly classified for political or symbolic reasons without actually having such importance.

On the other hand, some of major traffic arteries and boulevards within cities should be tagged as primary or secondary, as appropriate, even if they do not have an official route designation by the country authorities. That may happen, for example, if the country road administration does not have jurisdiction over the city highways.

International equivalence

See also: International highway classification equivalence

Country	Description	More details
Brazil	Main routes between urban centres with over 20,000 inhabitants, and urban structural ways (designation varies by municipality).	Brazilian Highway Classification (pt)
Canada	First-tier provincial highways (e.g. Alberta primary highways, Manitoba provincial trunk highways, Ontario King's Highways). Also major arterial roads in major cities, usually ones that carry or formerly carried provincial first-tier highway routes within city limits.	Canada/Tagging guidelines
China(Mainland)	Provincial highways (省道) and urban arterial roads (城市主干路). Also degraded-quality national highways.
Finland	Primary roads (kantatiet, yellow and black signs)
France	National roads (routes nationales, ref=N xxx), including ones devolved to departmental control and may no longer be signed as national roads	FR:Cartographie des routes en France
Germany	Federal roads (Bundesstraße) and major streets in cities, usually part of federal road within city limits
Greece	2nd-tier National Roads	WikiProject Greece § Road Network
Hong Kong SAR	Important road that is not part of numbered route	Hong Kong/Transport/Road
India	State highways and major urban roads	India/Tags/Highway
Indonesia	Provincial roads (jalan provinsi. In cities, major urban arterials (e.g. Jalan Jenderal Sudirman in Jakarta)
Ireland	A national secondary road that connects towns. The code has prefix N and a number between 51 and 99, for example N52.
Italy	Strada Statale (SS) or Strada Regionale (SR) The "SSs" are mostly primary. You should also indicate the name of the highway, if it has one, for example: highway=primary + ref=SS12 + name=Strada Statale dell'Abetone e del Brennero. "SRs" can be tagged as primary as well, if they have a relevant role in linking two major cities. In general the "highway=" tag is not representing the administrative class but the importance of the connection.
Japan	1-2 digit prefectural roads . In Tokyo, 300- and 400- series metropolitan roads are also classified primary.	Japan tagging
Malaysia	Most other federal highways (jalan persekutuan) where not semi-expressways, important state highways (jalan negeri)	Malaysian Roads Tagging
Mexico	Roads with Red Nacional de Caminos (RNC, National Highway Network) class B, roads feeding into RNC class A roads. Usually two-lane.	Malaysian Roads Tagging
Netherlands	Mainly "N-ways" below 400, often called a "provincial way"	NL:The_Netherlands_roads_tagging
New Zealand	State Highways and strategic local roads All State Highways which do not meet the criteria for trunk. Generally two lanes undivided with limited passing lanes and occasionally one-lane bridges. Strategic local roads are generally the most important roads that are not State Highways. They may be multi-lane divided, or connect major airports, seaports or isolated areas of a city. Examples include South Eastern Highway and Manuaku Road in Auckland, Wairere Drive in Hamilton, and the "Four Avenues" in Christchurch.
Norway	Regional infrastructure road (primær fylkesvei / skitet fylkesvei) that are not "Motorvei" , white signs Road properties varies according to traffic/population density and geographical constraints. From single shared lane roads to dual carriageway with grade separated intersection.	No:Map Features#Road classes
Philippines	Major route connecting smaller cities and large towns with large cities. Major arterial roads in cities.	Philippines/Mapping conventions/Roads/Classification
Portugal	National Roads (with ref=EN *) and important urban avenues with two lanes in each direction. National Roads which are not officially declassified. If it's a declassified EN, it may remain a primary if it is of first order (ex: EN 109). In urban centres, important avenues and arteries with two lanes on each way and a physical separator are also primary.	Portugal's highways standardization (pt)
Russia	Other major roads between cities and towns not classified trunk. Major arterial roads in cities.
Singapore	Major large roads (e.g. Upper Serangoon Road)
Switzerland	Hauptstrasse. There are two kinds: Numbered Hauptstrassen (signpost, list): use highway=primary + ref=number (e.g. ref=12). Use multiple numbers separated by a semicolon (;) if a section is used by more than one numbered "Hauptstrasse" (e.g. ref=6;12). Other "Hauptstrasssen" (signpost): use highway=secondary and do not specify a number. In contrast to other routes, for example cycling or hiking routes, we do not use relations to model numbered "Hauptstrassen" in Switzerland, use ref=number as described above.
Taiwan (Rep. of China)	Provincial highways (省道) numbered 1-39
Thailand	All 3-digit national highways (with some exception) and any road section over 90% dual-carriageway, with a physical or painted median wider than 1m and a shoulder, and over 25km long.	WikiProject_Thailand#Intercity
United Kingdom	Non-primary A-roads (white and black signs)	Roads in the United Kingdom
United States	Primary highway or arterial road. U.S. Highways are mostly primary. Some State Roads are also primary, the criterion being either connecting large towns/cities, or being a major road in an urban area.
Venezuela	Regional roads network that connect the most important cities and towns of each State.	Venezuela roads tagging (es)

Related terms: ‹ primary › ‹ highway ›