Zh-hant:Key:building

在開放街圖中，建築物是指有屋頂的構造物。此標籤可以用來標注開放街圖中的各種建築物。

如果你不確定某個建築物的形式，使用 building=yes 即可將一個圖徵標注為普通的建築物，但您也可以使用本文內的各個值來特別標注出建築物的種類。需要注意的是這個標籤要標注的值是該建築物在建設時所規劃的用途，並不一定是現在的用途（請使用 building:use=*）。如：一個以廢棄的醫院所改建的商場應仍為 building=hospital，只有 amenity=hospital 標籤才代表仍有醫院的用途，在未經重建的情況下此標籤不需被改變。

繪製方法

你可以在一個點上加上 building=*，或將建築物的輪廓繪製成一個區域並加上此標籤。

使用

參見建築物

這個標籤可以將一個區域標注成一個建築物的範圍。在建築物頁面可見有關建築物標注及彩現方法等更多的資訊。

另外因為許多地方並沒有夠清楚的空照圖，所以開放街圖中允許建築物被標示成一個點，但是如果修件允許的話建築物還是應該被繪製成一個區域會更好。開放街圖的預設彩現樣式並不會把一個建築物點圖徵彩現出來。

值

這個標籤用以標示個別的建築物或是一群相連得建築物。請詳閱 Buildings 條目，以獲得更多細節，請閱讀man_made=* 用以標注其他構造。

關鍵字(key)	值 (value)	描述 (desc)	照片 (photo)
住宿 (Accommodation)
building	apartments	公寓或大廈。分割為個別的住所的建築物。通常每層樓為不同戶。有時一樓會有零售商店店面。
building	barracks	Buildings built to house military personnel or laborers.
building	bungalow	別墅、度假小屋。一層樓的獨棟房屋，例如俄國的 Dacha。
building	cabin	小木屋 是小型粗造的房屋。通常外表是木造的，通常位於鄉村地區。
building	detached	透天厝在美國稱做 single-family home，加拿大稱為single-detached dwelling，紐西蘭稱為 separate house。由單一住戶所居住，會共用廚房等的設施。
building	dormitory	宿舍。指共用的的住宅，如同大學供學生住的那般 (不一定是多人房)。若為大學宿舍，另外一種標籤方式為 building=residential+ residential=university。
building	farm	農舍專指農場內的住宅。其他農業相關建築物參見 building=farm_auxiliary、building=barn。如果農舍外觀與一般住宅相仿，不妨標註為 building=house。另請閱讀 landuse=farmyard。
building	ger	A permanent or seasonal round yurt or ger.
building	hotel	旅館、旅社。分割為很多獨立房間供人過夜住宿的建築物。通常會另外用 tourism=hotel 表示旅館用地，涵蓋休閒區和停車。
building	house	住宅。由單一住戶所居住的建築物 (單一住戶可以指一個家庭或一個小團體，會共用廚房等的設施)。建築的形式可能是獨棟、相互獨立的對半或是連排房子中的一個。建築物相連之處應該要和隔壁住戶有至少兩個共用的點 (nodes)作為 共用牆。
building	houseboat	船屋。以住家為主要用途的船隻。
building	residential	住宅。泛指以居住為主要用途的建築物。如果可以的話，建議選擇 building=apartments、building=terrace、building=house或building=detached，這類更精確的標籤。
building	semidetached_house	A residential house that shares a common wall with another on one side. Typically called a "duplex" in American English.
building	static_caravan	露營車屋永久或長期停放的位置。
building	stilt_house	A building raised on piles over the surface of the soil or a body of water
building	terrace	排屋。一排住宅共用一個單一通道，通常每戶又有他們專屬的入口。北美稱為 row-house。可以考慮將個別住戶標注為 building=house。
building	tree_house	An accommodation, often designed as a small hut, sometimes also as a room or small apartment. Built on tree posts or on a natural tree. A tree house has no contact with the ground. Access via ladders, stairs or bridgeways.
building	trullo	A stone hut with a conical roof.
商業 (Commercial)
building	commercial	進行商業活動的建築物，商業活動類別沒有特別限制。若為辦公室請加上office=*。可以把整個商業區用landuse=commercial標註。若該建築物以商店為主，請改用 building=retail。
building	industrial	工廠。進行工業生產的建築物。若該建築物的主要用途是儲存和派送物品，請以building=warehouse標註。可以把整個工業區用landuse=industrial + industrial=* 形容它的工業用途。
building	kiosk	小賣店，提供零售服務的小型建築物
building	office	請改用building=commercial+ office=*描述辦公室。可以把整個商業區用landuse=commercial標註。若該建築物以商店為主，請改用 building=retail。
building	retail	零售商店。主要用途是對一般大眾販售商品，加上shop=*用以標註販售的物品種類。可以把周遭區域都標註landuse=retail。
building	supermarket	A building constructed to house a self-service large-area store.
building	warehouse	倉庫。主要用途是儲存物品或商品，或做為派送系統的一員。
Religious
building	religious	Unspecific building related to religion. Prefer more specific values if possible.
building	cathedral	主教座堂。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。
building	chapel	小聖堂。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用 landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。
building	church	教堂。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用 landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。
building	kingdom_hall	A building that was built as a  Kingdom Hall. Often used in conjunction with amenity=place_of_worship, religion=christian, denomination=jehovahs_witness and landuse=religious for the grounds where it is in current use.
building	monastery	A building constructed as monastery. Often, monasteries consist of several distinct buildings with specific functions. For active monasteries (communities), use amenity=monastery, for the grounds of a former monastery, have a look at historic=monastery
building	mosque	清真寺。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用 landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。
building	presbytery	A building where priests live and work.
building	shrine	神社或神龕。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用 landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。對於比較小的建築物，小到無法容納一個人，建議使用 historic=wayside_shrine。
building	synagogue	猶太會堂。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用 landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。
building	temple	神殿、廟宇或寺廟。請搭配 amenity=place_of_worship、religion=*以及denomination=*做更詳盡的描述。可以用 landuse=religious 標示週遭的附屬土地。
公共設施 (Civic / Amenity)
building	bakehouse	A building that was built as a bakehouse (i.e. for baking bread). Often used in conjunction with another node amenity=baking_oven and oven=wood_fired.
building	bridge	以橋為主要用途的建築物。也可用來表示開合橋的門房。另外也請閱讀 highway=* + bridge=yes。 請不要用這個標籤標示橋樑的輪廓。請改用 man_made=bridge。
building	civic	公共設施，例如amenity=community_centre、amenity=library、amenity=toilets、leisure=sports_centre、leisure=swimming_pool或amenity=townhall等等。可加上amenity=*或leisure=*做更精確的描述。也請參閱 building=public。
building	college	A college building. Use amenity=college on the whole college area to represent the college as an institution.
building	fire_station	A building constructed as fire station, i.e. to house fire fighting equipment and officers, regardless of current use. Add amenity=fire_station on the grounds for an active fire station.
building	government	For government buildings in general, including municipal, provincial and divisional secretaries, government agencies and departments, town halls, (regional) parliaments and court houses.
building	gatehouse	An entry control point building, spanning over a highway that enters a city or compound.
building	hospital	醫院內的建物。請用amenity=hospital標示整個醫院用地。
building	kindergarten	For any generic kindergarten buildings. Buildings for specific uses (sports halls etc.) should be tagged for their purpose. If there is currently a kindergarten in the building, use amenity=kindergarten on the perimeter of the kindergarten grounds.
building	museum	A building which was designed as a museum.
building	public	公共建築。 請不要再使用 amenity=public_building 。
building	school	校舍。指學校內一般用途的建築物。但若是有特定用途的建築物 (例如體育館)，則建議標示為該用途的標籤。請用 amenity=school 標注整個學校用地。
building	toilets	A toilet block.
building	train_station	以鐵道車站、火車站為用途的建築物。
building	transportation	泛指與大眾運輸、公共運輸相關的建築物。你也可能會想要加上其他標籤做更適當的描述，例如 public_transport=station。請注意火車站已經有特定的標籤 building=train_station。
building	university	大學的建築物。請用 amenity=university 標注整個大學用地。
Agricultural/plant production
building	barn	穀倉。農業建築物，通常用來儲存物品或作為作為有覆蓋的工作場所。
building	conservatory	A building or room having glass or tarpaulin roofing and walls used as an indoor garden or a sunroom (winter garden).
building	cowshed	牛舍。養牛的建築物，通常在農場裡。
building	farm_auxiliary	農業設施，農場內非供居住的建築物 (請改用 building=farm或是building=house來標示農舍)。
building	greenhouse	溫室。以塑膠或玻璃製成的建築物，用以種植植物。請用 landuse=greenhouse_horticulture 描述整個用地。
building	slurry_tank	A circular building built to hold a liquid mix of primarily animal excreta (also known as slurry).
building	stable	馬廄，養馬的建築物。
building	sty	豬舍、豬圈。飼養豬的建築物，通常在農場裡面。
building	livestock	A building for housing/rising other livestock (apart from cows, horses or pigs covered above), or when the livestock changes.
Sports
building	grandstand	The main stand, usually roofed, commanding the best view for spectators at racecourses or sports grounds.
building	pavilion	A sports pavilion usually with changing rooms, storage areas and possibly an space for functions & events. Avoid using this term for other structures called pavilions by architects (see Pavilion)
building	riding_hall	A building that was built as a riding hall.
building	sports_hall	A building that was built as a sports hall.
building	sports_centre	A building that was built as a sports centre.
building	stadium	以體育館、運動館為用途的建築物。
Storage
building	allotment_house	A small outbuilding for short visits in a allotment garden.
building	boathouse	A boathouse is a building used for the storage of boats.
building	hangar	機棚是專門用來停放飛機、直昇機或其他飛行器的建築物。可以考慮在適當時機加上 aeroway=hangar。
building	hut	hut是一種小型且粗製的建築物。
building	shed	shed是一種簡單、無隔間，座落於後花園或社區花圃的建築物。通常用於儲物、收藏或是工作室。
Cars
building	carport	A carport is a covered structure used to offer limited protection to vehicles, primarily cars, from the elements. Unlike most structures a carport does not have four walls, and usually has one or two.
building	garage	車庫，用以停放一部或更多車輛的建築物。請參考building=garages以描述更大的公共車庫。
building	garages	公共車庫。由許多不同住戶所擁有的儲存空間所組成的建築。也請參考 building=garage。
building	parking	Structure purpose-built for parking cars.
Power/technical buildings
building	digester	沼氣槽、分解槽。為一種將生物質透過生物反應器轉化為生物氣體的設施。
building	service	機房，通常設施建築物是小型無人建築物，存放機器（如泵或變電設施）
building	tech_cab	Small prefabricated cabin structures for the air-conditioned accommodation of different technology.
building	transformer_tower	變壓塔。通常是高塔，並包含一個變壓配電器，連接中電壓的供應電網。供應電網的線路常常已經地下化了，但這類的建築物還是常常作為變電所。如果該建築也同時有變電所的功能，應該標示為 power=substation + substation=minor_distribution。
building	water_tower	A water tower.
building	storage_tank	Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids
building	silo	A silo is a building for storing bulk materials
其他 (Other)
building	beach_hut	A small, usually wooden, and often brightly coloured cabin or shelter above the high tide mark on popular bathing beaches.
building	bunker	碉堡、掩體。強化的軍事建築物。也可用 military=bunker標示。
building	castle	A building constructed as a castle. Can be further specified with historic=castle + castle_type=*.
building	construction	建造中的建築物。請使用 construction=* 標註該建築物完工後的用途。
building	container	For a container used as a permanent building. Do not map containers placed temporarily, for example used in shipping or construction.
building	guardhouse	A small building constructed to house guard(s).
building	military	A military building. Also use military=*.
building	outbuilding	A less important building near to and on the same piece of land as a larger building.
building	pagoda	A building constructed as a pagoda.
building	quonset_hut	A lightweight prefabricated structure in the shape of a semicircle.
building	roof	棚架，僅含屋頂而沒有外牆的結構，例如涼亭、遮雨棚、加油站。
building	ruins	廢墟，廢棄的房舍、村屋或其他種類建築物
building	tent	For a permanently placed tent. Do not map tents placed temporarily.
building	tower	A tower-building.
building	windmill	A building constructed as a traditional windmill, historically used to mill grain with wind power.
building	yes	當你不確定建築物屬性屬於那個特定標籤時使用
building	使用者自訂	到Taginfo查詢常用標籤值

附加屬性 (Additional attribution)

關鍵字(key)	值 (value)	幾何 (element)	描述 (desc)	照片 (photo)
building:architecture	<architectural style>		Architectural style of a building
building:colour	<RGB hex triplet> | <W3C colour name>		Indicates colour of the building
building:fireproof	yes | no		建築物的防火程度
building:flats	<number>		The number of residential units (flats, apartments) in an apartment building (building=apartments), residential building (building=residential), house (building=house), detached house (building=detached) or similar building.
building:levels	<number>		建築物的樓層數
building:material	<material type>		Outer material for the building façade
building:min_level	<number>		For describing number of values, "filling" space between ground level and bottom level of building or part of building
building:part	As building		To mark a part of a building, which has attributes, different from such ones at other parts
building:soft_storey	yes | no | reinforced		A building where any one level is significantly more flexible (less stiff) than those above and below it
construction_date	<date>		The (approximated) date when the building was finished.
entrance	yes | main | exit | service | emergency		建築物入口，請用這個標籤取代停用的building=entrance標籤。
height	<number>		用公尺計算建築物的高度。
max_level	<number>		採用簡單室內繪圖標準時，建築內的最大室內樓層數
min_level	<number>		採用簡單室內繪圖標準時，建築內的最小室內樓層數
non_existent_levels	<number>		選擇性，採用簡單室內繪圖標準時，列出建築內不存在的樓層數
start_date	<date>		The (approximated) date when the building was finished.

This table is a wiki template with a default description in English. Editable here. 此表格由模版自動生成，協助改善中譯版本請按此。

使用此標籤的圖徵分佈

不建議使用的標籤

building:type=*

More details at taginfo

• building:type=*

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

amenity=building

		$1%
		$1%
		$1%
		$1%

More details at taginfo

• amenity=building

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

building=unclassified

		$1%
		$1%
		$1%
		$1%

More details at taginfo

• building=unclassified

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

building=building

		$1%
		$1%
		$1%
		$1%

More details at taginfo

• building=building

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

building=yes;house

		$1%
		$1%
		$1%
		$1%

More details at taginfo

• building=yes;house

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

building=maybe

		$1%
		$1%
		$1%
		$1%

More details at taginfo

• building=maybe

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

edificio=*

More details at taginfo

• edificio=*

如果你知道 有使用這個標籤的地方的話，你可以看看有什麼能取代這個標籤。
我們非常不鼓勵你在搞清楚自己在做什麼之前使用自動化編輯！

參見

• addr=*－「addr:*」是一系列用來描述地址的標籤。
• building:architecture=*－關於建築學中建築物風格樣式的標籤。
• Simple 3D Buildings－如何將建築物標示成一個3D物件。
• building:material=*－如何將建築物的材料標注出來。
• Lifecycle_prefix－使用生命週期前綴可以更詳細的標示出建築物計劃中、建設中、被棄用、被破壞等狀態。
• Relation:building

相關用詞: ‹ construction › ‹ edifice › ‹ home › ‹ domicile › ‹ house ›