Michigan
V・T・E Michigan, United States  |
| latitude: 44.34, longitude: -85.58 |
| Browse map of Michigan 44°20′24.00″ N, 85°34′48.00″ W |
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Michigan is a state in the United States at latitude 44°20′24.00″ North, longitude 85°34′48.00″ West.
Community
| Local user group | |
OpenStreetMap Michigan 
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| Meetings | |
| When: | Second Wednesday each month from 7pm – 8pm ET |
|---|---|
| Where: | https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Michigan#Events (map) |
| Mailing list | |
| mailing list – archive | |
| Website | |
| [1] | |
| Image | |
| no image | |
Events
OpenStreetMap Michigan Meetup
Discussion topics can be suggested on the Michigan Wiki Discussion page.
March 8th, 2023, 7 PM to 8 PM
Hosted online using Skype by Nathan Hartley (treestryder).
Join link: https://join.skype.com/dC33xuzC73dD
Future Meetings
Generally, we meet on the Second Wednesday of each month from 7pm – 8pm Eastern US. Watch here, or subscribe to page-change notifications, for meeting information.
Our meetings are hosted by volunteers. It is the host’s choice for the digital meeting service or arranging to meet at a physical location. To volunteer as a host add the meeting information above. Please also create an event at OpenStreetMap Calendar and, if you don't mind, Michigan OpenStreetMap Facebook group, pointed here for details.
Forums
- Michigan Capital Area OSM Google Group listserv and forum (Local list)
- talk-us email list (USA shared list)
Slack
- OpenStreetMap Michigan Facebook group
- OpenStreetMap US Facebook group
- YouthMappers chapter at Western Michigan University
To Do
Ongoing
- Frequently welcome new mappers with the OpenStreetMap Welcome Tool.
- Map all Michigan/Cities.
- Map all Michigan/Counties.
- Map all Michigan/Highways.
- Map all State of Michigan/Parks.
- Map all Michigan/Trails; dry, wet and muddy.
- Organised Editing/Activities/Resolve linting issues in Michigan: Mapbox project to identify and fix island highways and impossible angle highways in Michigan.
Suggestions
- Possibly, utilize http://tasks.openstreetmap.us/ for delegating mapping tasks.
- Use public data to map State Forest Lands (see Talk-us listserve thread on the matter).
- Tackling the formatting of the Telephone and Faxes in Maproulette - there are around 3k numbers to convert to the international standard format.
- Verify and Maintain WikiData links in Michigan - https://osm.wikidata.link/search?q=michigan (searching by smaller administrative territories recommended ie County, city, etc)
- Utilize Pic4Review
- Add Michigan brands to the Name Suggestion Index.
- Encourage Michigan mappers to get involved in the United_States/2021_Highway_Classification_Guidance effort. Once somewhat solidified, update this wiki page and reclassify our road network to match.
- Encourage various organizations to switch to, and possibly contributing to, OpenStreetMap.
- Consider starting an official local chapter.
Common Tagging Schemes
This is intended to function as a cheat sheet for mapping common features found in Michigan. Follow the links for detailed instructions. Please update any that no longer match their state of the art.
General
- Follow the guidelines on the Good practice page, which calls out some common mistakes.
- Do not combine unrelated things. For instance, riverbank areas with park boundaries, or administrative boundaries with roads or rivers. These are unrelated objects and should have separate nodes.
Amenities
- Amphitheater amenity=theatre + theatre:type=amphi
- Disc Golf Course leisure=disc_golf_course + sport=disc_golf
- Little Free Library amenity=public_bookcase + brand=Little Free Library + ref=#
- Food - Food establishment tagging is not always clear cut.
- amenity=fast_food - Meals are ordered and served without waitstaff.
- amenity=restaurant - Meals are ordered through and served by waitstaff.
- amenity=bar - In general bars are modern purpose-built commercial premises, with a noisier atmosphere, and may be standing room only. If they sell food, add food=yes + cuisine=*. If their primary purpose is food, consider amenity=fast_food or amenity=restaurant.
- amenity=nightclub - More emphasis on dancing. More likely to require an entry fee. If they sell food, add food=yes + cuisine=*
- amenity=cafe - Informal place with sit-down facilities selling beverages and light meals and/or snacks. Similar to a pub, but more tea/coffee drinks, less alcohol, and normally not open later at night. If the meals are substantial, consider amenity=fast_food or amenity=restaurant.
- amenity=pub - Characterized by a traditional appearance and a relaxed atmosphere. You can usually sit down and there is usually no loud music or televisions to disturb conversation. Though in Michigan we have places with "pub" in their name, many would be better described as a pub-style restaurant. Consider instead amenity=fast_food or amenity=restaurant, with bar=yes and microbrewery=yes where appropriate.
- amenity=biergarten - like pubs, but outdoors. If they sell food, add food=yes + cuisine=*. If their primary purpose is food, consider amenity=fast_food or amenity=restaurant.
- Pavilion amenity=shelter + shelter_type=picnic_shelter
- Playground An area tagged as leisure=playground
- Sledding hill leisure=playground + playground=sledding
Places
- Houses = Often, Michigan houses will be building=detached. For other options see the list at building=house.
- Apartment Complexes = a point within or way surrounding the complex with landuse=residential + residential=apartments + name=* Could also add tags like addr:housenumber=* + addr:street=*
- Parks = For city or village parks tag a point or area as leisure=park. For other public lands see below.
- Neighborhood = a point within or surrounding way place=neighborhood + name=*
- Shopping Center = a point or way surrounding the area with landuse=retail + name=* Could also add tags like addr:housenumber=* + addr:street=*
Public Lands
Current status tracked at Michigan/Parks.
Use tags found at United States/Public lands. In general, the boundary of a State Park will be tagged as:
- boundary=protected_area
- protect_class=21
- protection_title=State Park
- name=* Official name on the sign.
- ownership=state
- owner=State of Michigan, Department of Natural Resources
- addr:house_number=*
- addr:street=*
- phone=*
- website=*
- wikidata=*
- wikipedia=*
Park amenities should be tagged using the US National Park Service Tagging Guidelines.
Pedestrian ways
Sidewalks / Footways
Unless explicitly prohibited bicycles are allowed on footways in Michigan and should be tagged as follows:
For routing and accuracy, where physically connected, be sure to connect the way to roads, driveways, and parking aisles. Add a crossing=* node where appropriate.
Where bicycles are prohibited remove the "bicycle" tag (bicycle=no is implied).
When signed for bicycles change to bicycle=designated, add foot=designated and segregated=no.
If it is signed only for bicycles, it would be a highway=cycleway.
If a sidewalk/footway/path is separate from the road it is preferred that it is mapped as such, but can quickly be mapped to enable routing using sidewalk=separate.
Paths / Trails
Trails are mapped as paths in OpenStreetMap.
See Michigan/Trails for a list of major trails and their status.
Multi-use path signed for foot and bicycles (like the Lansing Rivertrail):
Path either multi-use or unspecified usage, open to all non-motorized vehicles and not intended for motorized vehicles unless tagged so separately:
Path signed for foot only:
Path signed ONLY for bicycles (rare in Michigan):
Long path/trails should be mapped as a route relation using the following tags, adding the way and related objects to the relation:
- type=route
- route=bicycle
- network=rcn
- name=*
- ref=* Initials of the trail.
- from=*
- to=*
- operator=*
- website=*
Useful modifier tags:
Bicycles
- Follow the Bike-Ottawa Tagging Guide when tagging bicycle infrastructure.
- Only tag a bicycle lane if the painted gutter is wide enough for the speed of the road and clearly reserved for bikes with a bike symbol in the lane and/or posted signage. Otherwise, Bike-Ottawa lists more appropriate tagging under the heading Painted Spaces. See also Michigan's Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilites document.
- We are looking good on:
- CycleStreets is a UK-wide cycle journey planner system, which lets you plan routes from A to B by bike. It is designed by cyclists, for cyclists, and caters for the needs of both confident and less confident cyclists.
- PlacesForBikes is a program that helps quickly build and connect great places to ride. Then we measure their benefits: More people riding more safely makes communities better places to live, work and play.
- Two popular bicycle map renderers are the mobile app OsmAnd and the interactive map website CyclOSM (now available on OpenStreetMap.org.
Water
- Standing bodies of water - Create an area tagged as natural=water.
- Flowing bodies of water - All forms of flowing water are represented with a way tagged using one of the many options of waterway=*.
- Add riverbanks to wide rivers using natural=water + water=river.
- Rivers with multiple ways named the same should have its ways added to a waterway relation.
- See also WikiProject Waterways.
- Boat launch - A leisure=slipway is a ramp for backing a boat into water and may be used for paddle craft. Use canoe=put_in for locations only usable by paddle craft. Create the highway=service way leading to the water, tag the point where the way meets the water with leisure=slipway. Adding surface=* and description=* are also helpful.
- Dams - Most dams in Michigan are low-head dams and should be mapped as a weir. Follow the mapping instructions on the respective pages.
- waterway=weir - often called a low-head dam. A barrier built across a river, stream or canal to regulate water levels, sometimes to divert water for industrial purposes. When water passes a weir it flows over the top.
- waterway=dam - A barrier built across a river or stream to impound the water. A dam normally does not have water flowing over the top of it. The water behind a dam is usually water=reservoir.
- Fish ladder - waterway=fish_pass.
- Boat/ Canoe/ Kayak rental - amenity=boat_rental + canoe_rental=* + kayak_rental=*.
- Docks - man_made=pier
- Boat store - shop=boat
- Canoe, kayak, SUP and other human powered paddle craft all use canoe=*
- Launches - canoe=put_in on the area or point at the water's edge. If handicap accessible add the tag wheelchair=yes. As access to water can be very limited (high banks, vegetation, private property, etc) adding even undeveloped launches in use on public land can be helpful to paddlers. Be sure to include surface=* and description=* to help distinguish these from more developed launches. Also, mapping the roads and trails leading (connected) to a launch helps with routing and planning.
- Portages - See canoe=portage. Create a way from the river's center line to its shore tagged with canoe=portage. The shore point is tagged with canoe=put_in. Add canoe=portage to all highway=* segments along the portage between the shore points.
- Water trails - Official water trails should be mapped with a route relation; type=route + route=canoe + name=*. Add to this relation, from upriver to downriver order, the waterways, portage ways and untagged ways across lakes and ponds that make up the route. See also:
- Michigan/Trails for current mapping progress.
- Rendered on OpenStreetBrowser - Paddling
Bus
Rail
See Michigan/Railroads for current state of mapping Michigan railroads.
Motorcar
- Charging Station = amenity=charging_station
Highway
The current status of our highway mapping is found on the page Michigan/Highways.
As OpenStreetMap is used more and more for routing, by even fully autonomous vehicles, it is important to accurately map roadways. Here are helpful links for mapping key areas:
- Mapbox: Mapping for navigation
- maxspeed=* + maxspeed:type=sign
- Lanes
- When possible, to accurately map the center of the roadway, capture and use GPS traces as aerial imagery often has an offset.
Use the same relation tagging scheme for Michigan State Highways as for Interstate Highways Relations, except use network=US:MI, US:MI:BUSINESS, US:MI:DOWNTOWN, US:MI:FUTURE. Don't give the relation a name=* unless the entire state highway has exactly that name all the way.
Until all renderers fully support highway relations, it is probably also a good idea to tag ref=M xx on the ways making up the relation.
Highway Classification
See United States Highway Classification for the most up to date information on this topic. A more detailed guideline for Michigan is being drafted at Michigan/highway classification.
The primary language and terms of OSM is UK English, which can be confusing. Use the table below to properly categorize streets in the area. Some effort has been made to cross-reference the National Functional Classification (NFC) numbers found using the State of Michigan NFC Map to the equivalent OpenStreetMap highway type. Please edit any errors, or start a discussion accordingly.
| State's NFC name (#) | OSM Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Interstate (1), Other freeways (2) | highway=motorway | Limited access freeway with interchanges. Access via on/off ramps with merge lanes, divided road of at least 2 lanes each direction. Called "Freeway." Speed limits generally 55 MPH or higher. Examples; 127, I96, I69, 496 |
| Other Principal Arterials (3) | highway=trunk |
Rural: Nearly a freeway. Example, 127 North of St Johns. Urban: May have cross traffic, but traffic flow on the trunk always has the right of way (except at red traffic lights). Speed limits usually 45 MPH or higher. Example, Saginaw Highway east of East Lansing. Note, this is unrelated to our similarly named "State Trunkline" which the State of Michigan defines as, "all roads under MDOT jurisdiction, including all Interstate routes, US routes, M routes, Interstate business loops and spurs, US business routes, M business routes, connector routes, and unsigned state trunkline in Michigan." |
| Minor Arterials (4) | highway=primary |
Rural: When tempted to tag a rural road as "trunk", it is probably an OpenStreetMap "primary" highway. Examples; M 52, M 99, M 100, M 115. Urban: Three lanes or more each traffic direction. 35 MPH or faster. Handles large volumes of traffic. (Any or all of these). Examples Saginaw and Oakland through Lansing. |
| Major Collectors (5) | highway=secondary |
Rural: The next class of roadway off a primary. Urban: Two lanes of traffic each direction. 35 MPH or faster. Medium-high traffic volumes. Examples; Cedar Street and MLK in Lansing. |
| Minor Collectors (6) | highway=tertiary |
Rural: If not sure, consider "unclassified", "residential", or "service". Urban: Lower traffic volumes on wide streets, or higher traffic volumes on narrow ones. Examples; Mt. Hope, Jolly, Okemos, Willow, Creyts, Meridian |
| Local (7) | highway=unclassified | The least most important through roads in a country's system – i.e. minor roads of a lower classification than tertiary, but which serve a purpose other than access to properties. For instance, minor country roads, often linking villages and hamlets. (The word 'unclassified' is a historical artifact of the UK road system and does not mean that the classification is unknown; you can use highway=road for that). Examples; Washington, College, Farm Lane, Freiermuth, Dobie. |
| Local (7) | highway=residential | Roads which serve as an access to housing, without function of connecting settlements. Often lined with housing. Single traffic lane each direction, may also be oneway=yes. Usually 25 MPH or slower. May have traffic bumps and other "traffic calming" measures. Examplesl apartment complexes, neighborhood roads |
| Local (7) | highway=service
to define a service way in more detail add service=*
|
For access roads to, or within an industrial park, camp site, business park, car park etc. Can be used in conjunction with service=* to indicate the type of usage and with access=* to indicate who can use it and in what circumstances. |
| Highway link | Short connecting ways, like highway or round-a-bout entrances and exits and "Michigan turns". |
Ways Under Construction
To flag a way as under construction use Conditional restrictions. Given an end date the restriction should be inert if forgotten, but it would be best to set a reminder to remove this tag when no longer needed.
- All access:conditional=no @ (2021 Aug 1-2021 Nov 30)
- Cars, trucks, motorcycles, etc. access:motorcar:conditional=no @ (2021 Aug 1-2021 Nov 30)
- Bicycles access:bicycle:conditional=no @ (2021 Aug 1-2021 Nov 30)
- Pedestrians access:foot:conditional=no @ (2021 Aug 1-2021 Nov 30)
Known Data Sources
Do not copy from sources which do not have a compatible copyright license. When in doubt, it is better to gather your own data.
NGO and other sources
- List of Nature preserves to check if present - Michigan Nature Association - https://michigannature.iescentral.com/map.html
Federal Data
Work by federal employees and the published data should be public domain, but always double check. https://www.usgs.gov/core-science-systems/ngp/board-on-geographic-names/domestic-names
State of Michigan
State data is not like US Federal data and may be subject to copyright restrictions, review the licenses and if in doubt verify. There are processes for approval for verifying permission being granted for use in OSM where data may be restricted. Take a look at import Getting Permission.
- DNR GIS Open Data site
- MDOT GIS Open Data site
- State of Michigan High Resolution, leaf-off imagery service
Other Michigan Maps
Reminder: Do not copy from sources which do not have a compatible copyright license. When in doubt, it is better to gather your own data.
See Also
Michigan Cities
Category: Cities in Michigan lists Michigan cities with pages on the OSM Wiki.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Michigan at Wikipedia.
